sceptre. First occ Put by Metonymy (of Adjunct) for Him Who holds it. Septuagint and Targ read "ruler". See Num_24:17. Psa_45:6. Zec_10:11.
lawgiver. First occurance. Compare Num_21:18. Deu_33:21. Psa_60:7; Psa_108:8. Isa_33:22.
from between his feet = from his posterity. Put by Fig, Euphemy (App-6). Septuagint and Targum of Onkelos read "from his thighs", i.e. "his seed". Compare Deu_28:57.
until Shiloh come = until He, Shiloh, comes. So Aq., Sym., Syriac. Note the six Pentateuch titles: "Seed" (Gen_3:15), "Shiloh" (Gen_49:10), "Sceptre" (Gen_49:10), "Shepherd" and "Stone" (Gen_49:24), "Star" (Num_24:17).
gathering. Hebrew. yikhah = obedience, submission (not kabaz, as in Jer_31:10). Note the Structure of this verse (Alternation).
a | The Sceptre shall not depart from Judah, a | Until He, Shiloh, come [Whose right it is, Ez. Gen_21:27]
b | Nor a Lawgiver from his seed, b | And [until] to Him, [the Lawgiver, shall be] the obedience of the peoples.