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the preparation: i.e. the day before the Passover was eaten "at even" on the 14th Nisan. All four Gospels state that our Lord was entombed on the Preparation Day (verses: Joh_19:31, Joh_19:42. Mat_27:62. Mar_15:42. Luk_23:54). See App-165.
the sixth hour: i.e. midnight. The hours in all the Gospels are according to Hebrew reckoning: i.e. from sunset to sunset. See App-156. Some have thought that the events from Joh_13:1 could not be crowded into so brief a space, but the Jews were in deadly earnest to get all finished before the Passover, and in such a case events move quickly.
he saith, &c. In irony here, as in pity (Joh_19:5). Some have thought that, in Joh_19:13, "sat" should be "set Him". Justin Martyr says, "They set Him on the judgment-seat and said, ' Judge us' "(First Apology, xxxv). But out of forty-eight occurrences of the verb kathiza, only one other (Eph_1:20) is, without question, used transitively.