0' existed during the period of the invasion of Greece by the Persians (cf. Herodotus, VII. 31). The organization and discipline of the later body must have been, of course, very different.
0'
0' but applied to him by the rhetorical figure of antiphrasis because he killed his brothers. This Ptolemy Philadelphus reigned in Egypt from 285 to 247 b.c. and is famous for having the Old Testament translated from Hebrew into Greek, according to the common tradition, by seventy learned men, whence the translation has been known as the Septuagint.
0'
0' or `substance
0'; the contents, or as later, called the argument, or summary of contents.
56 422 a.d.
57 Endokia, `Benevolence.
58 The Chronicon Paschale gives a different account of Eudocia. It says that her father's name was Heraclitus. When he died her brothers Gesius and Valerian refused to give her her share of the inheritance. She came to Constantinople to plead for her rights through Pulcheria, the sister of Theodosius, and impressed the latter so favorably that Pulcheria persuaded Theodosius to make her his wife (cf. Chronic. Pasch. year 420). Her brothers on hearing of her elevation to the throne fled to Greece, but she sent for them and persuaded Theodosius to appoint them to high offices, on the ground that she was indebted to them for her good fortune (cf. Chronic. Pasch. year 421). Besides her ode commemorating the victory of the imperial forces over the Persians, several other works of hers are mentioned, viz. paraphrases of the Pentateuch, Joshua, and Judges into Greek hexameters, a version of the prophecies of Zachariah and Daniel, and a poem in three books on St. Cyprian and St. Justina; to these Zonaras adds that she completed the Centones Homerici of Patricius. Her later years were clouded by a misunderstanding between her husband and herself, which is variously given by the contemporaneous historians and altogether passed over by Socrates. Cf. Evagrius, H. E. I. 20, 22, and Zonaras Ann. XIII.
59 On the observance of these two days of the week as fast days in the early Church see Bingham, Christ. Antiq. XXI. 3.
60 filadelfoj = `lover of his brothers,
61 Cf. III. 19.
62 Persons who fought with wild beasts in the games of the circus. They were of two classes: (1) professionals, those who fought for pay, and (2) criminals, allowed to use arms in defending themselves against the wild beasts to which they had been condemned. It is one of the first class that is here meant.
63 An altogether unknown and doubtful diocese.
64 423 a.d.
65 So also Zosimus, V. 40.
66 See above, chap. 18.
67 Cf. I. 39, and II. 1.
68 The adherents of Chrysostom. See VI. 3.
69 He effected this restoration by having the name John enrolled in the diptychs or registers of those whose names should be included in the prayers of the liturgy.
70 xrusinouj, with stathraj probably to be supplied; if so the value of these gold pieces was about $5.00, or ¢1 0s. 9d.
71 See above, chaps. 5 and 12.
72 farmakea = `poisoner.
73 qerapeiaj: the word occurs in three senses, viz. (1) healing, (2) service, (3) worship. Probably, and as the sentence following seems to indicate, the last of these was the one meant to be emphasized; this is also borne out by the plural number used. If the first sense were the one for which the word was chosen, it must have been because of its being in complete contrast to the previous name. The place retains the name thus given it to this day and constitutes one of the suburbs of Constantinople.
74 Silver City.
75 Golden City.
76 Cf. Xenophon, Anab. VI. 6. 38.
77 Cf. Xenophon, Hellenica, I. 1, 22. The event mentioned took place in 411 b.c.
78 Cf. IV. 1-6.
79 1 Tim. iii. 1.
80 1 John v. 17.
81 The Catholic Church was more severe in its discipline regarding the clergy than the laity, but it does not appear that excommunication was in any case absolute and reinstatement impossible. See on this point the liberal views of Chrysostom, VI. 21. Cf. also Bennett, Christ. Archaeology, p. 383.
82 425 a.d.
83 This was Valentinian III. See chap. 24 above for his relationship to the reigning Theodosius.
84 2 Cor. viii. 3.
85 426 a.d.
86 See Introd. p. 12. Photius, Biblioth. chap. 35, mentions Philip's attack on Sisinnius and assigns the reason for it as jealousy, because Philip and Sisinnius both being of the same rank in the clergy, the latter was made archbishop of Constantinople.
87 This was a heavy, redundant, and turgid style deprecated by rhetoricians of the better class from the time of Cicero onwards. Cf. Cicero, Brut. XIII. 51; Quinctilian, Instit. Orat. XII. 10, and Jerome, ad Rustic. (125. 6).
88 upoqesij = lit. `subject