Church Fathers: Post-Nicene Fathers Vol 06: 26.01.34 Letters CVIII Part 1

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Church Fathers: Post-Nicene Fathers Vol 06: 26.01.34 Letters CVIII Part 1



TOPIC: Post-Nicene Fathers Vol 06 (Other Topics in this Collection)
SUBJECT: 26.01.34 Letters CVIII Part 1

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Letter CVIII. To Eustochium.

This, one of the longest of Jerome's letters, was written to console Eustochium for the loss of her mother who had recently died. Jerome relates the story of Paula in detail; speaking first of her high birth, marriage, and social success at Rome, and then narrating her conversion and subsequent life as a Christian ascetic. Much space is devoted to an account of her journey to the East which included a visit to Egypt and to the monasteries of Nitria as well as a tour of the most sacred spots in the Holy Land. The remainder of the letter describes her daily routine and studies at Bethlehem, and recounts the many virtues for which she was distinguished. It then concludes with a touching description of her death and burial and gives the epitaph placed upon her grave. The date of the letter is 404 a.d.

1. If all the members of my body were to be converted into tongues, and if each of my limbs were to be gifted with a human voice, I could still do no justice to the virtues of the holy and venerable Paula. Noble in family, she was nobler still in holiness; rich formerly in this world's goods, she is now more distinguished by the poverty that she has embraced for Christ. Of the stock of the Gracchi and descended from the Scipios, the heir and representative of that Paulus whose name she bore, the true and legitimate daughter of that Martia Papyria who was mother to Africanus, she yet preferred Bethlehem to Rome, and left her palace glittering with gold to dwell in a mud cabin. We do not grieve that we have lost this perfect woman; rather we thank God that we have had her, nay that we have her still. For "all live unto" God,hyperlink and they who return unto the Lord are still to be reckoned members of his family. We have lost her, it is true, but the heavenly mansions have gained her; for as long as she was in the body she was absent from the Lordhyperlink and would constantly complain with tears:-"Woe is me that I sojourn in Mesech, that I dwell in the tents of Kedar; my soul hath been this long time a pilgrim."hyperlink It was no wonder that she sobbed out that even she was in darkness (for this is the meaning of the word Kedar) seeing that, according to the apostle, "the world lieth in the evil one;"hyperlink and that, "as its darkness is, so is its light;"hyperlink and that "the light shineth in darkness and the darkness comprehended it not."hyperlink She would frequently exclaim: "I am a stranger with thee and a sojourner as all my fathers were,"hyperlink and again, I desire "to depart and to be with Christ."hyperlink As often too as she was troubled with bodily weakness (brought on by incredible abstinence and by redoubled fastings), she would be heard to say: "I keep under my body and bring it into subjection; lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway;"hyperlink and "It is good neither to eat flesh nor to drink wine;"hyperlink and "I humbled my soul with fasting;"hyperlink and "thou wilt make all" my "bed in" my "sickness;"hyperlink and "Thy hand was heavy upon me: my moisture is turned into the drought of summer."hyperlink And when the pain which she bore with such wonderful patience darted through her, as if she saw the heavens openedhyperlink she would say "Oh that I had wings like a dove! for then would I fly away and be at rest."hyperlink

2. I call Jesus and his saints, yes and the particular angel who was the guardian and the companion of this admirable woman to bear witness that these are no words of adulation and flattery but sworn testimony every one of them borne to her character. They are, indeed, inadequate to the virtues of one whose praises are sung by the whole world, who is admired by bishops,hyperlink regretted by bands of virgins, and wept for by crowds of monks and poor. Would you know all her virtues, reader, in short? She has left those dependent on her poor, but not so poor as she was herself. In dealing thus with her relatives and the men and women of her small household-her brothers and sisters rather than her servants-she has done nothing strange; for she has left her daughter Eustochium-a virgin consecrated to Christ for whose comfort this sketch is made-far from her noble family and rich only in faith and grace.

3. Let me then begin my narrative. Others may go back a long way even to Paula's cradle and, if I may say so, to her swaddling-clothes, and may speak of her mother Blaesilla and her father Rogatus. Of these the former was a descendant of the Scipios and the Gracchi; whilst the latter came of a line distinguished in Greece down to the present day. He was said, indeed, to have in his veins the blood of Agamemnon who destroyed Troy after a ten years siege. But I shall praise only what belongs to herself, what wells forth from the pure spring of her holy mind. When in the gospel the apostles ask their Lord and Saviour what He will give to those who have left all for His sake, He tells them that they shall receive an hundredfold now in this time and in the world to come eternal life.hyperlink From which we see that it is not the possession of riches that is praiseworthy but the rejection of them for Christ's sake; that, instead of glorying in our privileges, we should make them of small account as compared with God's faith. Truly the Saviour has now in this present time made good His promise to His servants and handmaidens. For one who despised the glory of a single city is to-day famous throughout the world; and one who while she lived at Rome was known by no one outside it has by hiding herself at Bethlehem become the admiration of all lands Roman and barbarian. For what race of men is there which does not send pilgrims to the holy places? And who could there find a greater marvel than Paula? As among many jewels the most precious shines. most brightly, and as the sun with its beams obscures and puts out the paler fires of the stars; so by her lowliness she surpassed all others in virtue and influence and, while she was least among all, was greater than all. The more she cast herself down, the more she was lifted up by Christ. She was hidden and yet she was not hidden. By shunning glory she earned glory; for glory follows virtue as its shadow; and deserting those who seek it, it seeks those who despise it. But I must not neglect to proceed with my narrative or dwell too long on a single point forgetful of the rules of writing.

4. Being then of such parentage, Paula married Toxotius in whose veins ran the noble blood of neas and the Julii. Accordingly his daughter, Christ's virgin Eustochium, is called Julia, as he Julius.

A name from great lulus handed down.hyperlink

I speak of these things not as of importance to those who have them, but as worthy of remark in those who despise them, Men of the world look up to persons who are rich in such privileges. We on the other hand praise those who for the Saviour's sake despise them; and strangely depreciating all who keep them, we eulogize those who are unwilling to do so. Thus nobly born, Paula through her fruitfulness and her chastity won approval from all, from her husband first, then from her relatives, and lastly from the whole city. She bore five children; Blaesilla, for whose death I consoled her while at Rome;hyperlink Paulina, who has left the reverend and admirable Pammachius to inherit both her vowshyperlink and property, to whom also I addressed a little book on her death; Eustochium, who is now in the holy places, a precious necklace of virginity and of the church; Rufina, whose untimely end overcame the affectionate heart of her mother; and Toxotius, after whom she had no more children. You can thus see that it was not her wish to fulfil a wife's duty, but that she only complied with her husband's longing to have male offspring.

5. When he died, her grief was so great that she nearly died herself: yet so completely did she then give herself to the service of the Lord, that it might have seemed that she had desired his death.

In what terms shall I speak of her distinguished, and noble, and formerly wealthy house; all the riches of which she spent upon the poor? How can I describe the great consideration she shewed to all and her far reaching kindness even to those whom she had never seen? What poor man, as he lay dying,was not wrapped in blankets given by her? What bedridden person was not supported with money from her purse? She would seek out such with the greatest diligence throughout the city, and would think it a misfortune were any hungry or sick person to be supported by another's food. So lavish was her charity that she robbed her children; and, when her relatives remonstrated with her for doing so, she declared that she was leaving to them a better inheritance in the mercy of Christ.

6. Nor was she long able to endure the visits and crowded receptions, which her high position in the world and her exalted family entailed upon her. She received the homage paid to her sadly, and made all the speed she could to shun and to escape those who wished to pay her compliments. It so happened that at that timehyperlink the bishops of the East and West had been summoned to Rome by letter from the emperorshyperlink to deal with certain dissensions between the churches, and in this way she saw two most admirable men and Christian prelates, Paulinus bishop of Antioch and Epiphanius, bishop of Salamis or, as it is now called, Constantia, in Cyprus. Epiphanius, indeed, she received as her guest; and, although Paulinus was staying in another person's house, in the warmth of her heart she treated him as if he too were lodged with her. Inflamed by their virtues she thought more and more each moment of forsaking her home. Disregarding her house, her children, her servants, her property, and in a word everything connected with the world, she was eager-alone and unaccompanied (if ever it could be said that she was so)-to go to the desert made famous by its Paula and by its Antonies. And at last when the winter was over and the sea was open, and when the bishops were returning to their churches, she also sailed with them in her prayers and desires. Not to prolong the story, she went down to Portus accompanied by her brother, her kinsfolk and above all her own children eager by their demonstrations of affection to overcome their loving mother. At last the sails were set and the strokes of the rowers carried the vessel into the deep. On the shore the little Toxotius stretched forth his hands in entreaty, while Rufina, now grown up, with silent sobs besought her mother to wait till she should be married. But still Paula's eyes were dry as she turned them heaven wards; and she overcame her love for her children by her love for God. She knew herself no more as a mother, that she might approve herself a handmaid of Christ. Yet her heart was rent within her, and she wrestled with her grief, as though she were being forcibly separated from parts of herself. The greatness of the affection she had to overcome made all admire her victory the more. Among the cruel hardships which attend prisoners of war in the hands of their enemies, there is none severer than the separation of parents from their children. Though it is against the laws of nature, she endured this trial with unabated faith; nay more she sought it with a joyful heart: and overcoming her love for her children by her greater love for God, she concentrated herself quietly upon Eustochium alone, the partner alike of her vows and of her voyage. Meantime the vessel ploughed onwards and all her fellow-passengers looked back to the shore. But she turned away her eyes that she might not see what she could not behold without agony. No mother, it must be confessed, ever loved her children so dearly. Before setting out she gave them all that she had, disinheriting herself upon earth that she might find an inheritance in heaven.

7. The vessel touched at the island of Pontia ennobled long since as the place of exile of the illustrious lady Flavia Domitilla who under the Emperor Domitian was banished because she confessed herself a Christian;hyperlink and Paula, when she saw the cells in which this lady passed the period of her long martyrdom, taking to herself the wings of faith, more than ever desired to see Jerusalem and the holy places. The strongest winds seemed weak and the greatest speed slow. After passing between Scylla and Charybdishyperlink she committed herself to the Adriatic sea and had a calm passage to Methone.hyperlink Stopping here for a short time to recruit her wearied frame

She stretched her dripping limbs upon the shore:

Then sailed past Malea and Cythera's isle,

The scattered Cyclades, and all the lands

That narrow in the seas on every side.hyperlink

Then leaving Rhodes and Lycia behind her, she at last came in sight of Cyprus, where failing at the feet of the holy and venerable Epiphanius, she was by him detained ten days; though this was not, as he supposed, to restore her strength but, as the facts prove, that she might do God's work. For she visited all the monasteries in the island, and left, so far as her means allowed, substantial relief for the brothers in them whom love of the holy man had brought thither from all parts of the world. Then crossing the narrow sea she landed at Seleucia, and going up thence to Antioch allowed herself to be detained for a little time by the affection of the reverend confessor Paulinus.hyperlink Then, such was the ardour of her faith that she, a noble lady who had always previously been carried by eunuchs, went her way-and that in midwinter-riding upon an ass.

8. I say nothing of her journey through Coele-Syria and Phoenicia (for it is not my purpose to give you a complete itinerary of her wanderings); I shall only name such places as are mentioned in the sacred books. After leaving the Roman colony of Berytus and the ancient city of Zidon she entered Elijah's town on the shore at Zarephath and therein adored her Lord and Saviour. Next passing over the sands of Tyre on which Paul had once knelthyperlink she came to Acco or, as it is now called, Ptolemais rode over the plains of Megiddo which had once witnessed the slaying of Josiah,hyperlink and entered the land of the Philistines. Here she could not fail to admire the ruins of Dor, once a most powerful city; and Struto's Tower, which though at one time insignificant was rebuilt by Herod king of Judaea and named Caesarea in honour of Caesar Augustus.hyperlink Here she saw the house of Cornelius now turned into a Christian church; and the humble abode of Philip; and the chambers of his daughters the four virgins "which did prophesy."hyperlink She arrived next at Antipatris, a small town half in ruins, named by Herod after his father Anti-pater, and at Lydda, now become Diospolis, a place made famous by the raising again of Dorcashyperlink and the restoration to health of Aeneas.hyperlink Not far from this are Arimathaea, the village of Joseph who buried the Lord,hyperlink and Nob, once a city of priests but now the tomb in which their slain bodies rest.hyperlink Joppa too is hard by, the port of Jonah's flight;hyperlink which also-if I may introduce a poetic fable-saw Andromeda bound to the rock.hyperlink Again resuming her journey, she came to Nicopolis, once called Emmaus, where the Lord became known in the breaking of bread;hyperlink an action by which He dedicated the house of Cleopas as a church. Starting thence she made her way up lower and higher Bethhoron, cities founded by Solomonhyperlink but subsequently destroyed by several devastating wars; seeing on her right Ajalon and Gibeon where Joshua the son of Nun when fighting against the five kings gave commandments to the sun and moon,hyperlink where also he condemned the Gibeonites(who by a crafty stratagem had obtained a treaty) to be hewers of wood and drawers of water.hyperlink At Gibeah also, now a complete ruin, she stopped for a little while remembering its sin, and the cutting of the concubine into pieces, and how in spite of all this three hundred men of the tribe of Benjamin were savedhyperlink that in after days Paul might be called a Benjamite.

9. To make a long story short, leaving on her left the mausoleum of Helena queen of Adiabenehyperlink who in time of famine had sent corn to the Jewish people, Paula entered Jerusalem, Jebus, or Salem, that city of three names which after it had sunk to ashes and decay was by Aelius Hadrianus restored once more as Aelia.hyperlink And although the proconsul of Palestine, who was an intimate friend of her house, sent forward his apparitors and gave orders to have his official residencehyperlink placed at her disposal, she chose a humble cell in preference to it. Moreover, in visiting the holy places so great was the passion and the enthusiasm she exhibited for each, that she could never have torn herself away from one had she not been eager to visit the rest. Before the Cross she threw herself down in adoration as though she beheld the Lord hanging upon it: and when she entered the tomb which was the scene of the Resurrection she kissed the stone which the angel had rolled away from the door of the sepulchre.hyperlink Indeed so ardent was her faith that she even licked with her mouth the very spot on which the Lord's body had lain, like one athirst for the river which he has longed for. What tears she shed there, what groans she uttered, and what grief she poured forth, all Jerusalem knows; the Lord also to whom she prayed knows. Going out thence she made the ascent of Zion; a name which signifies either "citadel" or "watch-tower." This formed the city which David formerly stormed and afterwards rebuilt.hyperlink Of its storming it is written, "Woe to Ariel, to Ariel"-that is, God's lion, (and indeed in those days it was extremely strong)-"the city which David stormed:"hyperlink and of its rebuilding it is said, "His foundation is in the holy mountains: the Lord loveth the gates of Zion more than all the dwellings of Jacob."hyperlink He does not mean the gates which we see to-day in dust and ashes; the gates he means are those against which hell prevails nothyperlink and through which the multitude of those who believe in Christ enter in.hyperlink There was shewn to her upholding the portico of a church the bloodstained column to which our Lord is said to have been bound when He suffered His scourging. There was shewn to her also the spot where the Holy Spirit came down upon the souls of the one hundred and twenty believers, thus fulfilling the prophecy of Joel.hyperlink

10. Then, after distributing money to the poor and her fellow-servants so far as her means allowed, she proceeded to Bethlehem stopping only on the right side of the road to visit Rachel's tomb. (Here it was that she gave birth to her son destined to be not what his dying mother called him, Benoni, that is the "Son of my pangs" but as his father in the spirit prophetically named him Benjamin, that is "the Son of the right hand)."hyperlink After this she came to Bethlehem and entered into the cave where the Saviour was born.hyperlink Here, when she looked upon the inn made sacred by the virgin and the stall where the ox knew his owner and the ass his master's crib,hyperlink and where the words of the same prophet had been fulfilled "Blessed is he that soweth beside the waters where the ox and the ass trample the seed under their feet:"hyperlink when she looked upon these things I say, she protested in my hearing that she could behold with the eyes of faith the infant Lord wrapped in swaddling clothes and crying in the manger, the wise men worshipping Him, the star shining overhead, the virgin mother, the attentive foster-father, the shepherds coming by night to see "the word that was come to pass"hyperlink and thus even then to consecrate those opening phrases of the evangelist John "In the beginning was the word" and "the word was made flesh."hyperlink She declared that she could see the slaughtered innocents, the raging Herod, Joseph and Mary fleeing into Egypt; and with a mixture of tears and joy she cried: 'Hail Bethlehem, house of bread,hyperlink wherein was born that Bread that came down from heaven.hyperlink Hail Ephratah, land of fruitfulnesshyperlink and of fertility, whose fruit is the Lord Himself. Concerning thee has Micah prophesied of old, "Thou Bethlehem Ephratah art nothyperlink the least among the thousands of Judah, for out of thee shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting. Therefore wilt thouhyperlink give them up, until the time that she which travaileth hath brought forth: then the remnant of his brethren shall return unto the children of Israel."hyperlink For in thee was born the prince begotten before Lucifer.hyperlink Whose birth from the Father is before all time: and the cradle of David's race continued in thee, until the virgin brought forth her son and the remnant of the people that believed in Christ returned unto the children of Israel and preached freely to them in words like these: "It Was necessary that the word of God should first have been spoken to you; but seeing ye put it from you and judge yourselves unworthy of everlasting life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles."hyperlink For the Lord hath said: "I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel."hyperlink At that time also the words of Jacob were fulfilled concerning Him, "A prince shall not depart from Judah nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until He come for whom it is laid up,hyperlink and He shall be for the expectation of the nations."hyperlink Well did David swear, well did he make a vow saying: "Surely I will not come into the tabernacle of my house nor go up into my bed: I will not give sleep to mine eyes, or slumber to my eyelids, or rest to the temples of my head,hyperlink until I find out a place for the Lord, an habitation for the . .

God of Jacob."hyperlink And immediately he explained the object of his desire, seeing with prophetic eyes that He would come whom we now believe to have come. "Lo we heard of Him at Ephratah: we found Him in the fields of the wood."hyperlink The Hebrew word Zo as have learned from your lessonshyperlink means not her, that is Mary the Lord's mother, but him that is the Lord Himself. Therefore he says boldly: "We will go into His tabernacle: we will worship at His footstool."hyperlink I too, miserable sinner though I am, have been accounted worthy to kiss the manger in which the Lord cried as a babe, and to pray in the cave in which the travailing virgin gave virgin gave birth to the infant Lord. "This is my rest" for it is my Lord's native place; "here will I dwell"hyperlink for this spot has my Saviour chosen. "I have prepared a lamp for my Christ"hyperlink "My soul shall live unto Him and my seed shall serve Him."hyperlink

After this Paul, went a short distance down the hill to the tower of Edar,hyperlink that is `of the flock,'hyperlink near which Jacob fed his flocks, and where the shepherds keeping watch by night were privileged to hear the words: "Glory to God in the highest and on earth peace, goodwill toward men."hyperlink While they were keeping their sheep they found the Lamb of God; whose fleece bright and clean was made wet with the dew of heaven when it was dry upon all the earth beside,hyperlink and whose blood when sprinkled on the doorposts drove off the destroyer of Egypthyperlink and took away the sins of the world.hyperlink

11. Then immediately quickening her pace she began to move along the old road which leads to Gaza, that is to the `power' or `wealth' of God, silently meditating on that type of the Gentiles, the Ethiopian eunuch, who in spite of the prophet changed his skinhyperlink and whilst he read the old testament found the fountain of the gospel.hyperlink Next turning to the right she passed from Bethzurhyperlink to Eshcol which means "a cluster of grapes." It was hence that the spies brought back that marvellous cluster which was the proof of the fertility of the landhyperlink and a type of Him who says of Himself: "I have trodden the wine press alone; and of the people there was none with me."hyperlink Shortly afterwards she entered the homehyperlink of Sarah and beheld the birthplace of Isaac and the traces of Abraham's oak under which he saw Christ's day and was glad.hyperlink And rising up from thence she went up to Hebron, that is Kirjath-Arba, or the City of the Four Men. These are Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and the great Adam whom the Hebrews suppose (from the book of Joshua the son of Nun) to be buried there.hyperlink But many are of opinion that Caleb is the fourth and a monument at one side is pointed out as his. After seeing these places she did not care to go on to Kirjath-sepher, that is "the village of letters;" because despising the letter that killeth she had found the spirit that giveth life.hyperlink She admired more the upper springs and the nether springs which Othniel the son of Kenaz the son of Jephunneh received in place of a south land and a waterless possession,hyperlink and by the conducting of which he watered the dry fields of the old covenant. For thus did he typify the redemption which the sinner finds for his old sins in the waters of baptism. On the next day soon after sunrise she stood upon the brow of Capharbarucha,hyperlink that is, "the house of blessing," the point to which Abraham pursued the Lord when he made intercession with Him.hyperlink And here, as she looked down upon the wide solitude and upon the country once belonging to Sodom and Gomorrah, to Admah and Zeboim, she beheld the balsam vines of Engedi and Zoar. By Zoar I mean that "heifer of three years old"hyperlink which was formerly called Belahyperlink and in Syriac is rendered Zoar that is `little.' She called to mind the cave in which Lot found refuge, and with tears in her eyes warned the virgins her companions to beware of "wine wherein is excess;"hyperlink for it was to this that the Moabites and Ammonites owe their origin.hyperlink



Footnotes



2730 Luke xx. 38.



2731 2 Cor. v. 6.



2732 Ps. cxx. 5, Ps. cxx. 6 acc. to Jerome's latest version.



2733 1 Joh. v. 19.



2734 Ps. cxxxix. 12, A.V. marg.



2735 Joh. i. 5.



2736 Ps. xxxix. 12.



2737 Phil. i. 23.



2738 1 Cor. ix. 27.



2739 Rom. xiv. 21.



2740 Ps. xxxv. 13.



2741 Ps. xli. 3.



2742 Ps. xxxii. 4.



2743 Cf. Acts vii. 56.



2744 Ps. lv. 6.



2745 Sacerdotes.



2746 Mark x. 28-30.



2747 Virg. A. i. 292.



2748 See Letter XXXIX.



2749 Of continence. See Letter LXVI. 3.



2750 a.d. 382.



2751 Theodosius and Valentinian.



2752 Wife of Flavius Clemens, believed to have been a Christian martyr.



2753 i.e. the straits of Messina.



2754 A port on the S.W. coast of the Peloponnese.



2755 Virg. A. iii. 126-8.



2756 At this time one of the three bishops who claimed the see of Antioch. See Ep. xv. 2.



2757 Acts xxi. 5.



2758 2 K. xxiii. 29.



2759 A maritime city of Palestine which subsequently to its restoration by Herod became first the civil, and then the ecclesiastical, capital of Palestine.



2760 Acts xxi. 8, Acts xxi. 9.



2761 Acts ix. 36-41.



2762 Acts ix. 32-34.



2763 John xix. 38.



2764 1 Sam. xxii. 17-19.



2765 Jon. i. 3.



2766 Andromeda had been chained to a rock by her father to assuage the wrath of Poseidon who had sent a sea monster to ravage the country. Here she was found by Perseus who slew the monster and effected her rescue. See Josephus B. J. iii. ix. 3.



2767 Luke xxiv. 13, Luke xxiv. 28-31.



2768 2 Chr. viii. 5.



2769 Josh. x. 12-14.



2770 Josh. ix.



2771 Judges xix. Judges xx. According to Judges xx. 47 the number of Benjamites who escaped was six hundred.



2772 Josephus, A.J. xx. ii. 6.



2773 Or more fully Aelia Capitolina, a Roman colony from which all Jews were expelled.



2774 Praetorium. The word occurs in John xviii. 28.



2775 Matt. xxviii. 2.



2776 2 Sam. v. 7, 2 Sam. v. 9.



2777 Isa. xxix. 1. Vulg.



2778 Ps. lxxxvii. 1, Ps. lxxxvii. 2.



2779 Matt. xvi. 18.



2780 Rev. xxii. 14.



2781 Acts ii. 16-21.



2782 Gen. xxxv. 18, Gen. xxxv. 19.



2783 This legend of the cave dates back to Justin Martyr.



2784 Isa. i. 3.



2785 Isa. xxxii. 20, LXX.



2786 Luke ii. 15, rhma.



2787 Joh. i. 1, Joh. i. 14 logoj the Vulg. has `verbum


0' both here and in Luke.



2788 The name means this in Hebrew.



2789 Joh. vi. 51.



2790 The word `not


0' is inserted by Paula from Matt. ii. 6.



2791 `Will he


0' A.V. following the Hebrew.



2792 Mic. v. 2, Mic. v. 3: Cf. Matt. ii. 6.



2793 Ps. cx. 3, Vulg.



2794 Acts xiii. 46.



2795 Matt. xv. 24.



2796 LXX. acc. to one reading.



2797 Gen. xlix. 10, LXX.



2798 This clause comes from the LXX.



2799 Ps. cxxxii. 2-5.



2800 Ps. cxxxii. 6, Vulg.



2801 Jerome taught Paula Hebrew.



2802 Ps. cxxxii. 7.



2803 Ps. cxxxii. 14.



2804 Ps. cxxxii. 17, Vulg.



2805 Ps. xxii. 29, 30, LXX.



2806 Gen. xxxv. 21: Mic. iv. 8.



2807 Luke ii. 14.



2808 Jud. vi. 37.



2809 Ex. xii. 21-23.



2810 Joh. i. 29.



2811 Jer. xiii. 23.



2812 Acts viii. 27-39.



2813 This town played an important part in the wars of the Maccabees.



2814 Nu. xiii. 23, Nu. xiii. 24.



2815 Isa. lxiii. 3.



2816 Cellulae, lit. `little cells.


0'



2817 Joh. viii. 56: cf. Gen. xviii. 1, R.V.-q.v.



2818 Josh. xiv. 15. In Hebrew `Adam


0' and `man


0' are the same word. Hence the mistake.



2819 Cor. iii. 6.



2820 Jud. i. 13-15.



2821 Perhaps identical with "the valley of Berachah" mentioned in 2 Chr. xx. 26.



2822 Gen. xviii. 23-33.



2823 Isa. xv. 5.



2824 Gen. xiv. 2.



2825 Eph. v. 18.



2826 Gen. xix. 30-38.



2827 Cant. i. 7.



2828 Gen. xliii. 16.