And Pilate said unto the chief priests and the multitude, I have not found
Luk_23:4
2
against this man anything. But they cried out and said, He hath disquieted1 our people with his teaching in all Judæa, and he began2 from Galilee and unto this
Luk_23:5
3
place. And Pilate, when he heard the name of Galilee, asked, Is this man a Gali-
Luk_23:6
4
laean? And when he learned that he was under the jurisdiction of Herod, he sent him to Herod: for he was in Jerusalem in those days.
Luk_23:7
5
And Herod, when he saw Jesus, rejoiced exceedingly: for he had desired to see him for a long time, because he had heard regarding him many things; and he counted on3
Luk_23:8
6
Arabic p. 189 seeing some sign from him. And he questioned him with many words; but
Luk_23:9
7
Jesus answered him not a word. And the scribes and chief priests were
Luk_23:10
8
standing by, and they accused him vehemently. And Herod scoffed at him, he and his servants; and when he had scoffed at him, he clothed him in robes of scarlet,
Luk_23:11
9
and sent him to Pilate. And on that day Pilate and Herod became friends, there having been4 enmity between them before that.
Luk_23:12
10, 11
And Pilate called the chief priests and the rulers of the people, and said unto them, Ye brought unto me this man, as the perverter of your people: and I have tried him before you, and have not found in this man any cause5 of all that ye
Luk_23:13 Luk_23:14
12
seek6 against him: nor yet Herod: for I sent him unto him; and he hath done
Luk_23:15
13
nothing for which he should deserve death. So now I will chastise him, and let
Luk_23:16
14, 15
him go. The multitude all cried out and said, Take him from us, take him. And
Luk_23:18 Mar_15:3
16
the chief priests and the eiders accused him of many things. And during their
Mat_27:12
17
accusation he answered not a word. Then Pilate said unto him, Hearest thou not
Mat_27:13
18
how many things they witness against thee? And he answered him not, not even one word: and Pilate marvelled at that.
Mat_27:14
19
And when the judge sat on his tribune, his wife sent unto him, and said unto him, See that thou have nothing to do with that righteous man: for I have suffered much in my dream7 to-day because of him.
Mat_27:19
20
And at every feast the custom of the judge was to release to the people one
Mat_27:15
21
prisoner, him whom they would. And there was in their prison a well-known pris-
Mat_27:16
22, 23
oner, called Barabbas. And when they assembled, Pilate said unto them, Ye have a custom, that I should release unto you a prisoner at the passover: will ye that I
Mat_27:17 Joh_18:39
24
Arabic p. 190 release unto you the King of the Jews? And they all cried out and said, Release not unto us this man, but release unto us Barabbas. And this Barabbas was a
Joh_18:40
25
robber, who for sedition8 and murder, which was in the city, was cast into the
Luk_23:19
26
prison. And all the people cried out and began to ask himtodo as the custom was
Mar_15:8
27
that he should do with them. And Pilate answered and said unto them, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Barabbas, or Jesus which is called the Messiah, the
Mar_15:9 Mat_27:17
28
King of the Jews? For Pilate knew that envy had moved them to deliver him up.
Mat_27:18
29
And the chief priests and the elders asked the multitudes to deliver Barabbas, and
Mat_27:20
30
to destroy Jesus. The judge answered and said unto them, Whom of the two will
Mat_27:21
31
ye that I release unto you? They said, Barabbas. Pilate said unto them, And
Mat_27:22
32
Jesus which is called the Messiah, what shall I do with him? They all cried out
Mar_15:13
33
and said, Crucify him. And Pilate spake to them again, for he desired to release
Luk_23:20
34
Jesus; but they cried out and said, Crucify him, crucify him, and release unto us
Luk_23:21
35
Barabbas. And Pilate said unto them a third time, What evil hath this man done? I have not found in him any cause9 to necessitate death: I will chastise him and
Luk_23:22
36
let him go. But they increased in importunity10 with a loud voice, and asked him to crucify him. And their voice, and the voice of the chief priests, prevailed.
Luk_23:23
37
Then Pilate released unto them that one who was cast into prison for sedition and murder, Barabbas, whom they asked for: and he scourged Jesus with whips.11
Mar_15:15 Luk_23:25 Mat_27:26
38
Then the footsoldiers of the judge took Jesus, and went into the praetorium, and
Mat_27:27
39
Arabic p. 191 gathered unto him all of the footsoldiers. And they stripped him, and put on
Mat_27:28
40
him a scarlet cloak. And they clothed him in garments of purple, and plaited
Joh_19:2
41
a crown of thorns, and placed it on his head, and a reed in his right hand; and while they mocked at him and laughed, they fell down on their knees before him, and bowed
Mat_27:29
42
down to12 him, and said, Hail,13 King of the Jews! And they spat in his face, and took the reed from his hand, and struck him on his head, and smote his cheeks.
Mat_27:30 Joh_19:3
43
And Pilate went forth without again, and said unto the Jews, I bring him forth to
Joh_19:4
44
you, that ye may know that I do not find, in examining14 him, even one crime.15 And Jesus went forth without, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garments.
Joh_19:5
45
Pilate said unto them, Behold, the man! And when the chief priests and the soldiers16 saw him, they cried out and said, Crucify him, crucify him. Pilate said unto them, Take him yourselves, and crucify him: for I find not a cause17 against
Joh_19:6
46
him. The Jews said unto him, We have a law, and according to our law he deserves
Joh_19:7
47
death, because he made himself the Son of God. And when Pilate heard this word,
Joh_19:8
48
his fear increased; and he entered again into the porch, and said to Jesus, Whence
Joh_19:9
49
art thou? But Jesus answered him not a word. Pilate said unto him, Speakest18 thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have authority to release thee, and have
Joh_19:10
50
authority to crucify thee? Jesus said unto him, Thou hast not any19 authority over me, if thou wert not given it from above: therefore the sin of him that delivered
Joh_9:11
51
me up unto thee is greater than thy sin. And for this word Pilate wished to release him: but the Jews cried out, If thou let him go, thou art not a friend of Caesar: for every one that maketh himself a king is against Caesar.
Joh_9:12
FOOTNOTES
1 Or, astray cf. Section 25, 175.
2 cf. Syriac versions.
3 Same word as in Section 10, 165.
4 Lit. and there woes.
5 The Arabic word may also, like the Syriac, mean thing, but hardly, as that does here, fault or crime. The Vatican ms., pointing differently, reads thing. The same confusion occurs at Section 40, 35 cf. a converse case in Section 25, 40.
6 So Ciasca’s text, following the Borgian ms. The Vatican ms. has plotted, which is nearer the Syriac access.
7 See Section 3, 12, note.
8 Ciasca’s text, following the Vatican ms., has disorder. Borgian ms. has division cf. heresies, Curetonian of Section 50, 37, which by addition of a diacritical point gives sedition; cf. Section 50, 37 Ciasca, following Vatican ms., and Peshitta both places.
9 Our translator has retained the Syriac word, which in this context means fault see Section 50, 115.
10 The word used in Vatican ms. means a repeated charge or attach. That in Borgian ms. is probably used in the post-classical sense of importuning him. Either word might be written by a copyist for the other. The same double reading probably occurs again at Section 53, 55.
11 cf. Syriac versions.
12 This may be a mere clerical error very natural in Arabic for scoffed at, the reading of the Syriac versions. This being so, it is worthy of remark that the reading is apparently common to the two mss. The Syriac words are, however, also somewhat similar. The Jerusalem Lectionary has a word agreeing with the text above.
13 Lit. Peace.
14 This reading may be a corruption of a very literal rendering of the Peshitta.
15 cf. Section 50, 11.
16 cf. Section 11, 112.
17 See Section 50, 359.
18 Borgian ms., Why speakest;a reading that might be a corruption of the Peshitta.
19 Lit. even one (Pesh.).
Section LI.
1
Arabic p. 192 And when Pilate heard this saying, he took Jesus out, and sat on the tribune in the place which was called the pavement of stones, but in the He-
Joh_9:13
2
brew called Gabbatha. And that day was the Friday of the passover: and it had reached
Joh_9:14
3
about the sixth hour.1 And he said to the Jews, Behold, your King! And they cried out, Take him, take him, crucify him, crucify him. Pilate said unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests said unto him, We have no king except
Joh_9:15
4
Caesar. And Pilate, when he saw it, and2 he was gaining nothing, but the tumult was increasing, took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, and said, I
Mat_27:24
5
am innocent of the blood of this innocent man: ye shall know.3 And all the people
Mat_27:25
6
answered and said, His blood be on us, and on our children. Then Pilate commanded to grant them their request; and delivered up Jesus to be crucified, according to their wish.
Joh_19:16
7
Then Judas the betrayer, when he saw Jesus wronged, went and returned the
Mat_27:3
8
thirty pieces of money to the chief priests and the eiders, and said, I have sinned in my betraying innocent blood. And they said unto him, And we, what must we do?
Mat_27:4
9
know thou. And he threw down the money in the temple, and departed; and he
Mat_27:5
10
went away4 and hanged5 himself. And the chief priests took the money, and said, We have not authority to cast it into the place of the offering,6 for it is the price
Mat_27:6
11
of blood. And they took counsel, and bought with it the plain of the potter, for
Mat_27:7
12
the burial of strangers. Therefore that plain was called, The field of blood, unto
Mat_27:8
13
Arabic p. 193 this day. Therein7 was fulfilled the saying in the prophet which said, I took thirty pieces of money, the price of the precious one, whichwas fixed
Mat_27:9
14
by the children of Israel; and I paid them for the plain of the potter, as the Lord commanded me.
Mat_27:10
15
And the Jews took Jesus, and went away to crucify him. And when he bare his
Joh_19:16 Mar_15:20
16
cross and went out, they stripped him of those purple and scarlet garments which he
Joh_19:17 Mat_27:31
17
had on, and put on him his own garments. And while they were going with him, they found a man, a Cyrenian, coming from the country, named Simon, the father of Alexander and Rufus: and they compelled this man to bear the cross of Jesus.
Mat_27:32 Mar_15:21 Mat_27:32
18
And they took the cross and laid it upon him, that he might bear it, and come after Jesus; and Jesus went, and his cross behind him.
Luk_23:26
19
And there followed him much people, and women which were lamenting and
Luk_23:27
20
raving.8 But Jesus turned unto them and said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not
Luk_23:28
21
for me: weep for yourselves, and for your children. Days are coming, when they shall say, Blessed are the barren, and the womb’s that bare not, and the breasts
Luk_23:29
22
that gave not suck. Then shall they begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us; and
Luk_23:30
23
to the hills, Cover us. For if they do so in the green tree,9 what shall be in the dry?
Luk_23:31
24
And they brought with Jesus two others of the malefactors,10 to be put to death.
Luk_23:32
25
And when they came unto a certain place called The skull, and called in the Hebrew Golgotha, they crucified him there: they crucified with him these two
Luk_23:33 Joh_19:17 Luk_23:33
26
malefactors, one on his right, and the other on his left. And the scripture was
Mar_15:28
27
Arabic p. 194 fulfilled, which saith, He was numbered with the transgressors. And they gave him to drink wine and myrrh, and vinegar which had been mixed with the myrrh; and he tasted, and would not drink; and he received it not.
Mar_15:23 Mat_27:34 Mar_15:23
28
And the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and cast lots for them in four parts, to every party of the soldiers a part; and his tunic was
Joh_19:23
29
without sewing, from the top woven throughout. And they said one to another, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: and the scripture was fulfilled, which saith, They divided my garments among them, And cast the lot for my vesture.
Joh_19:24
30, 31
This the soldiers did. And they sat and guarded him there. And Pilate wrote on a tablet the cause of his death, and put it on the wood of the cross above his head.11 And there was written upon it thus: this is jesus the nazarene the nazarene, the king of the
Mat_27:36 Joh_19:19
32
jews. And this tablet12 read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city: and it was written in Hebrew and Greek and Latin.
Joh_19:20
33
And the chief priests said unto Pilate, Write not, The King of the Jews; but, He it is
Joh_19:21
34
that13 said, I am the King of the Jews. Pilate said unto them, What hath been
Joh_19:22
35
written hath been written.14 And the people were standing beholding; and they
Luk_23:35 Mat_27:39
36
that passed by were reviling15 him, and shaking16 their heads, and saying, Thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days, save thyself if thou art the Son
Mat_27:40 Mar_15:29 Mat_27:40
37
Arabic p. 195 of God, and come down from the cross. And in like manner the chief priests and the scribes and the elders and the Pharisees derided him, and laughed one with
Mat_27:41
38, 39
another, and said, The saviour of others cannot save himself. If he is the Messiah, the chosen of God, and the King of Israel,17 let him come down now from the
Mat_27:42 Luk_23:35 Mat_27:42
40
cross, that we may see, and believe in him. He that relieth on God - let him deliver him
Mat_27:43
41
now, if he is pleased with him: for he said, I am the Son of God. And the soldiers
Luk_23:36
42
also scoffed at him in that they came near unto him, and brought him vinegar, and
Luk_23:37
43
said unto him, If thou art the King of the Jews, save thyself. And likewise the two robbers18 also that were crucified with him reproached him.
Mat_27:44
44
And one of those two malefactors who were crucified with him reviled him, and
Luk_23:39
45
said, If thou art the Messiah, save thyself, and save us also. But his comrade rebuked him, and said, Dost thou not even fear God, being thyself also in this
Luk_23:40
46
condemnation? And we with justice, and as we deserved, and according to our deed,19 have we been rewarded: but this man hath not done anything unlawful.
Luk_23:41
47
And he said unto Jesus, Remember me, my Lord, when thou comest in thy kingdom.
Luk_23:42
48
Jesus said unto him, Verily20 I say unto thee, To-day shalt thou be with me in Paradise.
Luk_23:43
49
And there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother’s sister,21
Joh_19:25
50
Mary22 that was related to Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. And Jesus saw his mother, and that disciple whom he loved standing by; and he said to his mother,
Joh_19:26
51
Woman, behold, thy son! And he said to that disciple, Behold, thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto himself.
Joh_19:27
52
Arabic p. 196 And from the sixth hour23 darkness was on all the land unto the ninth
Mat_27:45 Luk_23:44
53
hour,23 and the sun became dark. And at the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, and said, Yail, Yaili,24 why hast thou forsaken me? Which25 is, My
Luk_23:45 Mar_15:34
54
God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? And some of those that stood there, when they heard, said,26 This man called Elijah.
Mat_27:47
FOOTNOTES
1 Lit. six hours.
2 Or, that.
3 cf. Peshitta. Or, Ye know cf.Sinaitic.
4 Borgian ms. omits and he went away.
5 Lit. strangled.
6 cf. Section 32, 157.
7 Or, at that time.
8 Lit. being burned. The text is probably corrupt.
9 Lit. wood, cf. Syr. and Greek.
10 Or, others, malefactors.
11 Mat_27:37.
12 A different word from that in the preceding verse, in each case, the word used in the Peshitta Cur. and Sin. lacking.
13 The Syriac words, retained in Ibn-at-Tayyib’s Commentary f. 366a, seem to have been transposed. Vatican ms. omits he, probably meaning but that he said.
14 In a carelessly written Arabic ms. there is almost no difference between hath been written and Ihave written, as it is in Ibn-at-Tayyib loc. cit., f. 366a.
15 cf. Section 7, 176. Borgian ms. has jesting at.
16 The Arabic text has deriding (cf. Section 51, 37).Either with is accidentally omitted, or, more probably, we should correct the spelling to shaking (cf. Syriac versions).
17 Mat_27:37 or Mt.
18 Borgian ms. has boys, an easy clerical error.
19 Our deed might be read we have done, and perhaps our translator’s style would justify our writing as for to.
20 Borgian ms. has Verily, verily.
21 A single word in Arabic.
22 Vatican ms. has and Mary.
23 Lit. six hours and nine hours respectively.
24 In Vatican ms. the second word is like the first. The syllable Ya doubtless is the Arabic interjection O!.
25 The Borgian ms. omits from which to me.
26 Borgian ms. omits when they, and has and said.
Section LII.
1
And after that, Jesus knew that all things were finished; and that the scripture
Joh_19:28
2
might be accomplished, he said, I thirst. And there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and in that hour one of them hasted, and took a sponge, and filled it with that
Joh_19:29 Mat_27:48
3
vinegar, and fastened it on a reed, and brought it near1 his mouth to give him a
Mar_15:36
4
drink. And when Jesus had taken that vinegar, he said, Everything is finished.
Joh_19:30
5
But the rest said, Let be, that we may2 see whether Elijah cometh to save him.
Mat_27:49 Luk_23:34
6, 7
And Jesus said, My Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And Jesus cried again with a loud voice, and said, My Father, into thy hands I commend3 my spirit. He said that, and bowed his head, and gave up his spirit.
Luk_23:46 Joh_19:30
8
And immediately the face of4 the door of the temple was rent into two parts from
Mat_27:51
9
Arabic p. 197 top to bottom; and the earth was shaken; and the stones were split to pieces; and the tombs were opened; and the bodies of many saints which slept, arose and
Mat_27:52
10
came forth; and after his resurrection they entered into the holy city and
Mat_27:53
11
appeared unto many. And the officer of the footsoldiers, and they that were with him who were guarding Jesus,5 when they saw the earthquake, and the things which came
Mat_27:54
12
to pass, feared greatly, and praised God, and said, This man was righteous; and,
Luk_23:47 Mat_27:54
13
Truly he was the Son of God. And all the multitudes that were come together to the sight, when they saw what came to pass, returned and smote upon their breasts.
Luk_23:48
14
And the Jews, because of the Friday, said, Let these bodies not remain on their crosses,6 because it is the morning of the sabbath (for that sabbath was a great day); and they asked of Pilate that they might break the legs of those that were
Joh_19:31
15
crucified, and take them down. And the soldiers came, and brake the legs of the
Joh_19:32
16
first, and that other which was crucified with him: but when they came to Jesus,
Joh_19:33
17
they saw that he had died before, so they brake not his legs: but one of the soldiers pierced7 him in his side with a spear, and immediately there came forth blood and
Joh_19:34
18
water. And he that hath seen hath borne witness, and his witness is true: and he
Joh_19:35
19
knoweth that he hath said the truth, that ye also may believe. This he did, that
Joh_19:36
20
the scripture might be fulfiled, which saith, A bone shall not be broken in him; and the scripture also which saith, Let them look upon him whom they pierced.7
Joh_19:37
21
And there were in the distance all the acquaintance of Jesus standing, and the women that came with him from Galilee, those that followed him and ministered.
Luk_23:49 Mar_15:41 Mat_27:56
22
One of them was Mary Magdalene; and Mary the mother of James the little
Mar_15:40
23
Arabic p. 198 and Arabic Joses, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee, and Salome, and many others which came up with him unto Jerusalem; and they saw that.
Mat_27:56 Mar_15:40,Mar_15:41 Luk_23:49
24
And when the evening of the Friday was come, because of the entering of the
Mar_15:42
25
sabbath, there came a rich man,5 a noble9 of Ramah,10 a city of Judah,11 named Joseph, and he was a good man and upright; and he was a12 disciple of Jesus, but
Luk_23:50 Joh_19:38
26
was concealing himself for fear of the Jews. And he did not agree with the accusers
Luk_23:51
27
in their desire and their deeds: and he was looking for the kingdom of God. And this man went boldly, and entered in unto Pilate, and asked of him the body of
Luk_23:51 Mar_15:43
28
Jesus. And Pilate wondered how he had died already: and he called the officer of
Mar_15:44
29
the footsoldiers, and asked him concerning his death before the time. And when
Mar_15:45
30
he knew, he commanded him to deliver up his body unto Joseph. And Joseph bought for him a winding cloth of pure linen, and took down the body of Jesus,
Mat_27:58 Mar_15:46
31
and wound it in they came and took it. And there came unto him Nicodemus also, who of old came unto Jesus by night; and he brought with him perfume13
Joh_19:38 Joh_19:39
32
of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds. And they took the body of Jesus, and wound it in the linen and the perfume, as was the custom of the Jews to bury.
Joh_19:40
33
And there was in the place where Jesus was crucified a garden; and in that garden
Joh_19:41
34
a new tomb cut out in a rock? Wherein was never man yet laid. And they left
Joh_19:42
35
Jesus there because the sabbath had come in, and because the tomb was near. And they pushed 15 a great stone, and thrust16 it against the door of the sepulchre, and
Mat_27:60
36
went away. And Mary Magdalene and Mary that was related to Joses came to
Mar_15:47
37
Arabic p. 199 the sepulchre after them,17 and sat opposite the sepulchre,18 and saw the
Luk_23:55
38
body, how they took it in and laid it there. And they returned, and ointment19 and perfume,20 and prepared21 it, that they might come and anoint him.
Luk_23:56 Mar_16:1
39
And on the day which was the sabbath day they desisted according to the command.
Luk_23:56
40, 41
And the chief priests and the Pharisees gathered unto Pilate, and said unto him, Our lord, we remember that that misleader said, while he was alive, After three days
Mat_27:62 Mat_27:63
42
I rise. And now send beforehand and guard the tomb22 until the third day,23 lest his disciples come and steal him by night, and they will say unto the people that he
Mat_27:64
43
is risen from the dead: and the last error shall be worse than the first. He said unto them, And have ye not guards?24 go, and take precautions as ye know how.
Mat_27:65
44
And they went, and set guards at the tomb, and sealed that stone, with the guards.
Mat_27:66
45
And in the evening of the sabbath, which is the morning of the first day, and in
Mat_28:1 Luk_24:1
46
the dawning25 while the darkness yet remained, came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary and other women to see the tomb. They brought with them the
Mat_28:1 Luk_24:1
47
perfume which they had prepared, and said among themselves, Who is it that will
Mar_16:3
48
remove for us the stone from the door of the tomb? for it was very great. And when they said thus, there occurred a great earthquake; and an angel came down
Mar_16:4 Mat_28:2
49
from heaven, and came and removed the stone from the door. And they came and found the stone removed from the sepulchre, and the angel sitting upon the
Luk_24:2 Mat_28:2
50
stone. And his appearance was as the lightning, and his raiment white as the
Mat_28:3
51
snow: and for fear of him the guards were troubled, and became as dead men.
Mat_28:4
52
And when he went away, the women entered into the sepulchre; and they found
Luk_24:3
53
Arabic p. 200 not the body of Jesus. And they saw there a young man sitting on
