in Christ Jesus - “Jesus” is here added, whereas the expression before (Eph 2:12) had been merely “Christ,” to mark that they know Christ as the personal Savior, “Jesus.”
sometimes - Greek, “aforetime.”
far off - the Jewish description of the Gentiles. Far off from God and from the people of God (Eph 2:17; Isa 57:19; Act 2:39).
are - Greek, “have been.”
by - Greek, “in.” Thus “the blood of Christ” is made the seal of a covenant IN which their nearness to God consists. In Eph 1:7, where the blood is more directly spoken of as the instrument, it is “through His blood” [Alford].