Be afflicted - literally, “Endure misery,” that is, mourn over your wretchedness through sin. Repent with deep sorrow instead of your present laughter. A blessed mourning. Contrast Isa 22:12, Isa 22:13; Luk 6:25. James does not add here, as in Jam 5:1, “howl,” where he foretells the doom of the impenitent at the coming destruction of Jerusalem.
heaviness - literally, “falling of the countenance,” casting down of the eyes.