of old - rather, “from the days that she hath been”; from the earliest period of her existence. Alluding to Nineveh’s antiquity (Gen 10:11). “Though Nineveh has been of old defended by water surrounding her, yet her inhabitants shall flee away.” Grotius, less probably (compare Nah 3:8-12), interprets, the “waters” of her numerous population (Isa 8:7; Jer 51:13; Rev 17:15).
Stand, stand, shall they cry - that is, the few patriotic citizens shall cry to their fleeing countrymen; “but none looketh back,” much less stops in flight, so panic-stricken are they.