Keil and Delitzsch Commentary - Isaiah 42:14 - 42:14

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Keil and Delitzsch Commentary - Isaiah 42:14 - 42:14


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The period of punishment has now lasted sufficiently long; it is time for Jehovah to bring forth the salvation of His people. “I have been silent eternally long, was still, restrained myself; like a travailing woman, I now breathe again, snort and snuff together.” The standpoint of these prophecies has the larger half of the captivity behind it. It has already lasted a long time, though only for several decades; but in the estimation of Jehovah, with His love to His people, this time of long-suffering towards their oppressors is already an “eternity” (see Isa 57:11; Isa 58:12; Isa 61:4; Isa 63:18-19; Isa 64:4, cf., Isa 64:10, Isa 64:11). He has kept silence, has still forcibly restrained Himself, just as Joseph is said to have done to prevent himself from breaking out into tears (Gen 43:31). Love impelled Him to redeem His people; but justice was still obliged to proceed with punishment.

Three real futures now take the place of imperfects regulated by הֶחֱשֵׁיתִי. They are not to be understood as denoting the violent breathing and snorting of a hero, burning with rage and thirsting for battle (Knobel); nor is אֶשֹּׁם to be derived from שָׁמֵם, as Hitzig supposes, through a mistaken comparison of Eze 36:3, though the latter does not mean to lay waste, but to be waste (see Hitzig on Eze 36:3). The true derivation is from נָשַׁם, related to נָשַׁף, נָפַשׁ, נָשַׁב. To the figure of a hero there is now added that of a travailing woman; פָּעָה is short breathing (with the glottis closed); נָשַׁם the snorting of violent inspiration and expiration; שָׁאַף the earnest longing for deliverance pressing upon the burden in the womb; and יַחַד expresses the combination of all these several strainings of the breath, which are associated with the so-called labour-pains. Some great thing, with which Jehovah has, as it were, long been pregnant, is now about to be born.