Ignorant (apaideutous). Old verbal, here only in N.T. (a privative and paideuō). Untrained, uneducated, “speculations of a half-educated mind” (Parry).
Refuse (paraitou). See note on 1Ti 4:7.
They gender strifes (gennōsin machas). Present active indicative of old and common verb gennaō (Rom 9:11). “They beget battles.” See note on 2Ti 2:14.