The Jews (hoi Ioudaioi). Probably the incredulous and hostile section of the Pharisees in Joh 9:16 (cf. Joh 5:10).
Did not believe (ouk episteusan). The facts told by the man, “that he had been blind and had received his sight” (hoti ēn tuphlos kai aneblepsen), conflicted with their theological views of God and the Sabbath. So they refused belief “until they called the parents” (heōs hotou ephōnēsan tous goneis). Usual construction of heōs hotou (= until which time, like heōs alone) with aorist active indicative of phōneō, old verb from phōnē (voice, sound). They called out loud for his parents to throw light on this grave problem to cover up their own stupidity.