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1Jn 4:2. Γινώσκετε,[13] ye know) Respecting the heresies of that age there are recent and easily accessible writings: the Apostolic Church of Buddeus, and the Disputations of Lange, etc.-πᾶν, every) The discourse is respecting the spirits of that time: for at other times false prophets also impugned other heads of doctrine respecting Jesus Christ.-πᾶν πνεῦμα, every spirit) The Spirit of God is one only: but from Him every true teacher has his own peculiar inspiration, which is called πνεῦμα, spirit.-ὁμολογεῖ, confesses) with the assent of the heart and mouth. By this word the doctrine is presupposed as already ratified and confirmed.-ἐν σαρκὶ, in the flesh) He Himself, therefore, is something more than flesh. The heresies, which deny the truth of the flesh of Jesus Christ, presuppose, and by this very thing confirm, His Deity, since they were not able to reconcile with this His flesh, as worthy of it.-ἐληλυθότα, who is come) On this advent the whole doctrine respecting Christ depends; for that advent partly presupposes, partly embraces, and partly draws after it, this doctrine: 1Jn 4:15, note.
[13] The reading γινώσκεται (is to be known), which in the margin of both Ed. is left to the decision of the reader, is preferred in the Germ. Vers.-E. B.
Γινώσκεται is read by Vulg. and Syr. of the oldest authorities; but γινώσκετε, by ABC Memph. Theb. later Syr. Iren. and Lucifer, the weightest authorities.-E.