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Heb 3:16. Τίνες, who) Many write τινὲς, some; but the argument of the apostle is thus rendered somewhat feeble: τινὲς, ἀλλʼ οὐ πάντες, some, but not all, is rather a general expression concerning the Provocation, ch. Heb 4:6; Exo 17:2. Τίνες is plainly interrogative, as ch. Heb 1:5; Heb 1:13, and at the same time a very weighty Anaphora,[26] τίνες, τίσι, τίσι Heb 3:16-18; and there are brought under our notice in these three verses, 1. The beginning of the Provocation, soon after the departure from Egypt; 2. The forty troublesome years in the wilderness; 3. The refusal of the entrance into the land of rest. Ἀλλʼ οὐ is used, Heb 3:16, as εἰ μὴ, Heb 3:18; for neither is properly interrogative, but both stand under the interrogative word, τίνες. That the power of the particle may be more clearly seen, suppose some one to say, ἦσαν ἄνθρωποι παραπικραίνοντες, ἀλλʼ οὐχ οὗτοι οἱ ἐξελθόντες, There were men who provoked, but not those that went out. The apostle denies that, and therefore says, τίνες ἦσαν, ἀλλʼ οὐχ οὖτοι; who were they, but these?-i.e. these were the very persons. There are similar particles in Luke, τίς, ἀλλʼ οὐχὶ, Luk 17:7-8; and in Paul, τίς, ἢ οὐχὶ καὶ, κ.τ.λ., 1Th 2:19. Πάντες, in this passage, is none else but, merely those, a meaning of the word πᾶς which Raphelius, at Jam 1:17, beautifully explains, ex Ariano. Germ.: Diejenige, die eine Erbitterung angerichtet haben, wer waren sie? es warenlauter solche Leute, die von Egypten ausgegangen waren durch Mosen. These are not in this passage said to have been led out, but to have come out. They had already the pledge of Divine assistance, and had followed the Divine guidance; but their future progress did not correspond to that excellent beginning (comp. Heb 3:14). Chrysostom evidently reads τίνες: τίνων μἐμνηταί φησι σκληρυνθέντων; who, says he, have been mentioned as being hardened; where σκληρυθέντες (comp. Heb 3:15) are the same as παραπικράναντες.-ἀκούσαντες, after having heard) Heb 3:15.-παρεπίκραναν, provoked) the Lord, namely, by chiding with Moses, Exo 17:2.-διὰ Μωϋσέως, by Moses) whose words, when they heard them, they should have obeyed.
[26] The frequent repetition of the same word in beginnings.-ED.