Lockyer, T. F., The Inspirations of the Christian Life (1894), 177.
McFadyen, J. E., The Messages of the Bible, iv. (1901) 43.
Maclaren, A., Expositions: Genesis (1904).
Maurice, F. D., The Patriarchs and Lawgivers (1892), 100.
Meyer, F. B., Israel, a Prince with God (1909).
Moorhouse, J., Jacob (1870).
Pentecost, G. F., Bible Studies: Pentateuch and Life of Christ (1894), 69, 78.
Rawlinson, G., Isaac and Jacob (1890).
Stosch, G., The Origin of Genesis (1897), 165.
Stanley, A. P., Lectures on the History of the Jewish Church, i. (1889) 46.
Wharton, M. B., Famous Men of the Old Testament (1903), 27.
Whyte, A., Bible Characters: Adam to Achan (1896), 183.
Williams, I., The Characters of the Old Testament (1870), 56.
Good Words, x. (1869) 402 (S. Wilberforce).
Israel the Prince of God
Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel; for thou hast striven with God and with men, and hast prevailed.- Gen_32:28.
With the change of Jacob's name to Israel, the tone of the narratives changes. Esau is no longer the rude natural man, the easy victim of his brother's cunning, but a noble and princely character, whose bearing is evidently meant to inspire admiration. Jacob, too, is presented in a more favourable light: if he is still shrewd and calculating, and not perfectly truthful, he does not sink to the knavery of his earlier dealings with Esau and Laban, but exhibits the typical virtues of the patriarchal ideal.