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Zep_3:1 Woe to her that is filthy and polluted, to the oppressing city!
Ver. 1. Woe to her that is filthy and polluted] Meaning Jerusalem, once a faithful city, now an harlot, Isa_1:21, faedissimum prostibulum, of the kind of those sordid men who are called Borboritae, of their miry filthiness, whom Epiphanius and Oecumenius speak of. The word ( øàé ) here rendered filthy comes from a word that signifieth dung, or that signifieth an example ( ðáñáäåéãìá ); and so it is a metaphor taken from light women that are carted in a disgraceful way and made a public example, an infamous instance. It is rendered also gluttonous, or all craw, as Lev_1:16.
“ Ingluvies et tempestas, barathrumque macelli. ”
To the oppressing city!] Praedatrici, that maketh a prey of others (either by force or fraud), as the silly dove is made a prey to the hawk and other ravenous birds.