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2Co_13:13. Concluding wish of blessing—whether written by his own hand (Hofmann) is an open question—full and solemn as in no other Epistle, tripartite in accordance with the divine Trinity,[403] from which the three highest blessings of eternal salvation come to believers.
The grace of Christ (comp. Rom_5:15; Rom_1:7; 1Co_1:3; 2Co_1:2; 2Co_8:9; Gal_6:18; Eph_1:2; Php_1:2; 2Th_1:2; Phm_1:25), which is continuously active in favour of His own (Rom_8:34; 2Co_12:8), is first adduced, because it is the medians, Rom_5:1; Rom_8:34, between believers and the love of God, that causa principalis of the grace of Christ (Rom_5:8), as it also forms the presupposition of the efficacy of the Spirit, Rom_8:1-2. The fellowship of the Holy Spirit—that is, the participation in the gracious efficacy of the Holy Spirit[404]—is named last, because it is the consequence of the two former (Rom_8:9; Gal_4:6), and continues (Rom_7:6; Rom_8:4 ff., Rom_8:26 f.) and brings to perfection (Rom_8:11; Gal_6:8) their work in me.
μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν ] sc. εἴη . Seal of holy apostolic love after so much severe censure, one thing for all.
[403] On the old liturgical use of this formula of blessing, see Constit. apost. viii. 5. 5, viii. 12. 3.
[404] Estius, Calovius, and Hammond understand κοινωνία . of the communicatio activa of the Holy Spirit, which, doubtless, as τοῦ πνευμ . ἁγ . would be genitivus subjecti, is in accordance with the preceding clauses, and not at variance with the linguistic usage of κοινωνία in itself (Fritzsche, ad Rom. III. pp. 81, 287), but is in opposition to the usage throughout in the N. T. (see on Rom_15:26; 1Co_10:16), and not in keeping with passages like Php_2:1; 1Co_1:9; 2Pe_1:4,—passages which have as their basis the habitually employed conception of the participation in the divine, which takes place in the case of the Christian. Hence also not: familiaris consuetudo with the Holy Spirit (Ch. F. Fritzsche, Opusc. p. 276). Theophylact well remarks: τὴν κοινωνίαν τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος , τουτέστι τὴν μετοχὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν μετάληψιν , καθʼ ἣν ἁγιαζόμεθα , τῇ ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς ἐπιφοιτήσει τοῦ παρακλήτου κοινωνοὶ αὐτοῦ γενόμενοι καὶ αὐτοὶ , οὐκ οὐσίᾳ , ἀλλὰ μεθέξει ὄντες .