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Act_23:11-14. Whether the appearance of Christ encouraging Paul to further stedfastness was a vision in a dream, or a vision in a waking state, perhaps in an ecstasy, cannot be determined (in opposition to Olshausen, who holds the latter as decided, see on Act_16:9).
εἰς Ἱερουσ . and εἰς Ῥώμ .] The preacher coming from without preaches into the city; comp. Mar_14:9. See on Mar_1:39, also on Act_9:28, Act_26:20. Observe also, that Jerusalem and Rome are the capitals of the world, of the East and West. But a further advance, into Spain, were it otherwise demonstrable, would not be excluded by the intimation in this passage, since it fixes no terminus ad quem (in opposition to Otto, Pastoralbr. p. 171).
Act_23:12. συστροφήν ] a combination (Act_19:40; 1Ma_14:44; Polyb. iv. 34. 6), afterwards still more precisely described by συνωμοσίαν , a conspiracy. That the conspirators were zealots and sicarii, perhaps instigated by Ananias himself (concerning whom, however, it is not demonstrable that he was himself a Sadducee), as Kuinoel thinks, is not to be maintained. Certainly those Asiatics in Act_21:27 were concerned in it.
οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ] the Jews, as the opposition. This general statement is afterwards more precisely limited, Act_23:13.
ἀνεθεμ . ἑαυτούς ] they cursed themselves, pronounced on themselves (in the event of transgression) the äÆãÆí , the curse of divine wrath and divine rejection, declaring that they would neither eat nor drink ( γεύσασθαι , Act_23:14, expresses both) until, etc. See on similar self-imprecations (which, in the event of the matter being frustrated without the person’s own fault, could be removed by the Rabbins, Lightfoot in loc.), Selden, de Synedr. p. 108 f.
ἔως ] with the subjunctive, because the matter is contemplated directly, and without ἄν ; Fritzsche, ad Matth. p. 499; Winer, p. 279 [E. T. 371].
Act_23:14. τοῖς ἀρχ . κ . τ . πρεσβ .] That they applied to the Sadducean Sanhedrists, is evident of itself from what goes before.
ἀναθέμ . ἀναθεματίσ .] Winer, p. 434 [E. T. 584].