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Gal_5:19. Φανερὰ δὲ κ . τ . λ .] Manifest, however (now to explain myself more precisely as to this οὐκ ἐστὲ ὑπὸ νόμον ), open to the eyes of all, evidently recognisable as such by every one, are the works of the flesh, that is, those concrete actual phenomena which are produced when the flesh, the sinful nature of man (and not the Holy Spirit), is the active principle. The δέ (in opposition to Hofmann’s objection) is the δέ explicativum, frequently used by Greek authors and in the N.T. (Winer, p. 421 [E. T. 553]; Kühner, ad Xen. Mem. ii. 1. 1). That one who is led by the Spirit will abstain from the ἔργα which follow, is obvious of itself; but Paul does not state this, and therefore does not by δέ make the transition to it, as Hofmann thinks, who gratuitously defines the sense of φανερά as: “well known to the Christian without law.” On φανερός , lying open to cognition, manifestus, see van Hengel, ad Rom. I. p. 111. The list which follows of the ἔργα τῆς σαρκός contains four approximate divisions: (1) lust: πορνεία , ἀκαθαρσ ., ἀσέλγ .; (2) idolatry: εἰδωλολατρ ., φαρμακ .; (3) enmity: ἔχθραι … φόνοι ; (4) intemperance: μέθαι , κῶμοι .
ἀκαθαρσία ] lustful impurity (lewdness) generally, after the special πορνεία . Comp. Rom_1:24; 2Co_12:21.
ἀσέλγεια ] lustful immodesty and wantonness. See on Rom_13:13. Comp. 2Co_12:21; Eph_4:19; 1Pe_4:3; 2Pe_2:7.