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Heb_11:34. Ἔσβεσαν δύναμιν πυρός ] Quenched the violence of fire (fire’s violence). Theophylact: οὐκ εἶπε δὲ ἔσβεσαν πῦρ ἀλλὰ δύναμιν πυρός , ὃ καὶ μεῖζον · ἐξαπτόμενον γὰρ ὅλως δύναμιν τοῦ καίειν οὐκ εἶχε κατʼ αὐτῶν . To be compared is the statement with regard to Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, the three companions of Daniel, Daniel 3. Comp. 1Ma_2:59 : Ἀνανίας , Ἀζαρίας , Μισαὴλ πιστεύσαντες ἐσώθησαν ἐκ φλογός .
ἔφυγον στόματα μαχαίρας ] escaped the sword-points; e.g. David, comp. 1Sa_18:11; 1Sa_19:10; 1Sa_19:12; 1Sa_21:10; Elijah, comp. 1Ki_19:1 ff.; Elisha, comp. 2Ki_6:14 ff., 2Ki_6:31 ff.
ἐνεδυναμώθησαν ἀπὸ ἀσθενείας ] out of weakness were made strong. These words Chrysostom, Theodoret, Oecumenius, and Theophylact refer to the strengthening of the whole people by liberation from the Babylonian captivity; Oecumenius, Theophylact, Calvin, Schlichting, Jac. Cappellus, Grotius, Owen, Heinrichs, Huët, Böhme, Stuart, Stein, Tholuck, Ebrard, and the majority, partly exclusively, partly, among other things, to the recovery of Hezekiah (2 Kings 20.; Isaiah 38.); certainly more correct, however, Bengel, Chr. Fr. Schmid, Storr, Bleek, de Wette, Hofmann, to the reinvigoration of the weakened Samson (Jdg_16:28 ff.).
ἐγενήθησαν ἰσχυροὶ ἐν πολέμῳ ] waxed valiant in battle. Theodoret καὶ οἱ προῤῥηθέντες καὶ οἱ τοῦ Ματταθίου παῖδες Ἰούδας καὶ Ἰωνάθης καὶ Σίμων . That the author was thinking of the Maccabees also, in particular, in addition to the judges and David, is certainly very probable.
παρεμβολὰς ἔκλιναν ἀλλοτρίων ] Made armies of aliens flinch or give way. Theodoret: τὸ αὐτὸ διαφόρως εἴρηκεν .
παρεμβολή , as îÇçÂðÆç , in the signification of army; likewise Jdg_4:16; Jdg_7:14; 1Ma_5:28; 1Ma_5:45, and frequently. With the Greeks this signification of the word is rare; comp., however, Aelian, Var. Hist. 14:46: Ἡνίκα δὲ ἔδει συμμίξαι , ἐνταῦθα οἱ μὲν κύνες προπηδῶντες ἐτάραττον τὴν παρεμβολήν .
κλίνειν , in the sense indicated, is found in Holy Scripture only here.