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Heb_12:11. The blessing of every chastening. Comp. Diog. Laert. v. 18 (cited by Wetstein): τῆς παιδείας ἔφη (sc. Aristotle) τὰς μὲν ῥίζας εἶναι πικράς , γλυκεῖς δὲ τοὺς καρπούς .
πᾶσα παιδεία ] comprises the human and the divine chastening; yet the author in connection with the second clause ( ὕστερον δὲ κ . τ . λ .) has no doubt mainly the latter before his mind.
πρὸς μὲν τὸ παρὸν κ . τ . λ .] seems indeed for the present (so long as it continues) to be no object of joy, but an object of grief; later, however (i.e. when it has been outlived), it yields to those who have been exercised by it (comp. Heb_5:14) the peace-fraught fruit of righteousness.
δοκεῖ ] characterizes the opinion of man; since the matter is in reality very different.
δικαιοσύνης ] Genitive of apposition: peaceful fruit, namely righteousness, i.e. moral purity and perfection. It is called a peaceful fruit because its possession brings with it peace of soul. δικαιοσύνης is not to be understood as a genitivus subjecti (Piscator, Owen, Stuart, Heinrichs, Stein, and others): a peaceful fruit which is yielded by righteousness; for surely παιδεία is mentioned as the subject producing the καρπὸς εἰρηνικός .