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Heb_3:17-18. Further development of the truth, Heb_3:16, by means of recapitulation of the other main points of the Scripture citation. It was just this perverse totality of the Israelites with whom God was wroth on account of their sin forty years long, and against whom, on account of their disobedience, He closed by an oath the entrance into His κατάπαυσις .
Bengel, Griesbach, Lachmann, Tischendorf, Delitzsch, Moll, Hofmann, and others, place the second note of interrogation, Heb_3:17, immediately after ἁμαρτήσασιν , and then take ὧν … ἐρήμῳ as an assertory statement. But on account of the environment of purely interrogatory clauses, and because the author indicates the result at which he aims only in Heb_3:19, it seems more correct, with Luther, Calvin, Beza, Mill, Wetstein, Bleek, de Wette, Tholuck, Alford, Maier, and others, to take the whole clause: οὐχὶ … ἐρήμῳ , together as a single question, in such wise that ὧν κ . τ . λ . forms a prolonged characterization of τοῖς ἁμαρτήσασιν .
τοῖς ἁμαρτήσασιν ] those that had sinned, namely, by unbelief and apostasy from God.
ὧν τὰ κῶλα κ . τ . λ .] pictorial description of seizure by a violent death, taken from Num_14:29; Num_14:32.
κῶλα ] limbs (specially hands and feet), with the LXX., translation of the Hebrew ôÌÀâÈøÄéí , thus in general bodies or corpses.
ἔπεσεν ] fell down, were stretched out dead, comp. 1Co_10:8.