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Luk_13:10-17. A Sabbath cure peculiar to Luke, without any more precise specifying of time and place. He might find a motive for inserting it just in this place in his source of the narrative of the journey itself. But to explain its position here from the fact that the three years of Luk_13:7 had reminded him of the eighteen years of Luk_13:11 (Holtzmann, p. 153) would be fantastic.
Luk_13:11. ἦν ] aderat.
πνεῦμα ἀσθενείας ] a spirit of weakness, i.e. a demon (see Luk_13:16), who paralyzed her muscular powers, so that she could not straighten herself. This conception of ἀσθέν . is more in accordance with the context than the general one of sickness.
εἰς τὸ παντελές ] comp. Heb_7:25, and thereon Bleek; Ael. xii. 20, v. 7. It belongs adverbially not to μὴ δύναμ . (de Wette, Bleek, and most commentators), but to ἀνακύψαι , with which it stands. She was bowed together (Sir_12:11; Sir_19:26 f., and in the Greek writers), and from this position to straighten herself up perfectly was to her impossible.
Luk_13:12. ἀπολέλυσαι ] thou art loosed; that which will immediately occur is represented as already completed.
Luk_13:14. ἀποκριθείς ] See on Mat_11:25.
τῷ ὄχλῳ ] Taking his stand upon Deu_5:13, he blames—not directly Jesus, for he could not for shame do so, but—the people, not specially the woman at all: Jesus was to be attacked indirectly.
Luk_13:15. ὑποκριταί ] Euthymius Zigabenus aptly says: ὑποκριτὰς ὡνόμασε τοὺς κατὰ τὸν ἀρχισυνάγωγον (the class of men to which he belonged, the hierarchical opposition, comp. Luk_13:17), ὡς ὑποκρινομένους μὲν τιμᾶν τοῦ σαββάτου νόμον , ἐκδικοῦντας δὲ τὸν φθόνον ἑαυτῶν .
ἀπαγαγών ] pictorially, “ad opus demonstrandum,” Bengel.
Luk_13:16. The argument is a minori ad majus (as Luk_14:5), and the majus is significantly indicated by the doubled description θυγατέρα Ἀβρ . οὖσαν (comp. Luk_19:9) and ἣν ἔδησεν ὁ Σατανᾶς κ . τ . λ . “Singula verba habent emphasin” (Grotius),—a remark which holds good also of the vividly introduced ἰδού , comp. Deu_8:4. As a daughter of Abraham, she belongs to the special people of God, and must hence be wrested from the devil. Of spiritual relationship with Abraham (Lechler in the Stud. u. Krit. 1854, p. 821) nothing is said.
ἣν ἔδησεν ὁ σατ .] since he, namely, by means of one of his servants, a demon, has taken away her liberty in the manner mentioned at Luk_13:11.
δέκα κ . τ . λ . is not a nominative, but an accusative of the duration of time. Comp. Luk_13:8; Luk_15:29, and elsewhere.
Luk_13:17. κατῃσχύν . πάντ . οἱ ἀντικ . αὐτ .] Comp. Isa_45:16.
γινομένοις ] Present; describing the glorious work of Jesus as continuing.