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Mat_10:1. Not the choosing, but merely the mission of the Twelve, is here related; Mar_6:7; Luk_9:1. The choosing (Mar_3:14; Luk_6:13; comp. also Joh_6:70), which had taken place some time before,—although a still earlier one, viz. that of the five (Mat_4:18 ff., Mat_9:9), is recorded,—is assumed, as far as the complete circle of the Twelve, to be generally known, which is certainly an omission on the part of the narrator.
ἐξουσίαν ] Authority over unclean spirits. The following ὥστε is epexegetical: so that they would cast them out. But καὶ θεραπεύειν , etc., is not dependent on ὥστε also, but on ἐξουσίαν (1Co_9:5). Power was given to them both to cure demoniacs and to heal those who suffered from natural disease as well; comp. Mat_10:8. The manner of imparting this power, whether through a laying on of hands, or breathing on them (Joh_20:22) through a symbolic act (de Wette), or by communicating to them certain sacred words or signs, or by certain movements of the hands (Ewald), or even by magnetic influences (Weisse), or by the mere effectual word of the Lord (which is more likely, since nothing is specified), is not stated.
On the genitive, comp. Mar_6:7; Joh_18:2; Sir_10:4.