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Mat_13:12. Proverbial saying derived from the experience of ordinary life (Mat_25:29): The wealthy man will become still richer even to superabundance; while the poor man, again, will lose the little that still remains to him; see Wetstein. In this instance the saying is used with reference to spiritual possessions, and is applied thus: With the knowledge you have already acquired, you are ever penetrating more deeply and fully into the things of God’s kingdom; the multitude, on the other hand, would lose altogether the little capacity it has for understanding divine truth, unless I were to assist its weak powers of apprehension by parabolic illustrations. The contrast between the two cases in question is not to be regarded as consisting in uti and non uti (Grotius), being willing and not being willing (Schegg).
For the passive περισσεύεσθαι , to be in possession of a superabundance, see on Luk_15:17.
ὅστις ἔχει is the nominative absolute, as in Mat_7:24, Mat_10:14. ἔχειν and οὐκ ἔχειν , in the sense of rich and poor, is likewise very common in classical authors, Ast, ad Plat. Legg. V. p. 172; Bornemann, ad Xen. Anab. vi. 6. 38.