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Mat_16:23. Στραφείς ] He turned away, by way of indicating His horror.
ὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου ] See note on Mat_4:10.
σατανᾶ ] Satan! A term of reproach, springing out of the intense displeasure with which He now saw Peter striving, like Satan, against that purpose of God of which he was so profoundly conscious. Not “moral vexation” (Keim), but moral displeasure. Comp. Joh_6:70. Seeing that Peter’s feelings have changed, it was proper that the testimony of Jesus regarding him should undergo a corresponding change (Augustine), although without prejudice to the high position just promised to him by Jesus; for this distinction neither excludes the idea of there being still a strong carnal element in Peter’s character, nor does it imply that he was beyond the need of correction; consequently, the evasive interpretation of Catholic expositors who, in this instance, take σατανᾶ as an appellative (adversarius; so Maldonatus, Jansen, Arnoldi), is utterly groundless.
σκάνδ . μου εἶ ] ἐμπόδιόν μου νῦν ὑπάρχεις , ἀντικείμενος τῷ ἐμῷ θελήματι , Euth. Zigabenus.
φρονεῖς ] thou, hast in thy mind; indicating the direction of his aims, the bent of the practical reason. Comp. note on Rom_8:5.
τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ] matters of divine interest; because God is to be understood as having ordained the sufferings of Jesus for the purpose of carrying out the plan of redemption.
τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ] who are concerned about having as their Messiah a mere earthly hero and prince.