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Mat_5:4. Οἱ πενθοῦντες ] Comp. Isa_61:2; Isa_57:17 f. After Chrysostom, these have frequently been understood as those who mourned over their own sins and those of others. These are not excluded, but they are not exclusively or specially meant by the general expression (Keim). They are generally those who are in suffering and distress. Think, for example, of Lazarus, of the persecuted Christians (Joh_16:20; Heb_12:11), of the suffering repentant ones (2Co_7:9), and so on; for that no unchristian πενθεῖν , no λύπη τοῦ κόσμου , is meant, is (2Co_7:10) understood of itself from the whole surroundings. The πενθοῦντες shall, Rom_8:18, 2Co_4:17, Joh_14:13, be comforted as a matter of fact in the Messiah’s kingdom by the enjoyment of its blessedness (Luk_2:25; Luk_16:25), therefore the Messiah Himself is also called îÀðÇçÅí (Schoettgen, Hor. II. p. 18; Wetstein, I. p. 665). According to the beatitudes, which all refer to the Messiah’s kingdom, there is no mention of temporal comfort by the promise of the forgiveness of sins, and so on. This in answer to Kienlen in the Stud. u. Kritik. 1848, p. 681.