Matthew Poole Commentary - Jeremiah 31:31 - 31:31

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Matthew Poole Commentary - Jeremiah 31:31 - 31:31


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The apostle’s application of this, Heb_8:8-10, puts us out of doubt that this promise referred to the gospel times. It was not only made with the Jews, but all those who should be ingrafted into that olive; but it is said to be made with them, either as those two terms signify the whole church, with whom that covenant was made (they being the whole church which God had upon the earth at that time); or because they were the only people that had broken the first covenant, the Gentiles being strangers at that time to the covenant of promise, Eph 2 12, covenants being usually renewed upon one party’s violation of them; or because it was at first made with the Jews, though it concerned also those that were afar off, even as many as the Lord should call, Act_2:39. Neither is it called the new covenant because it was as to the substance new, for it was made with Abraham, Gen_17:7, and with the Jews, Deu_26:17,18. And it was then confirmed by the blood of Christ, though not actually shed, yet as he was



the Lamb slain from the beginning of the world, whose blood was typified by the blood of the paschal lamb, and of all those living creatures killed for sacrifice, but upon many other accounts, thus enumerated by divines.



1. Because it was new in the notion of a testament, not confirmed by the actual death of Christ till gospel times.



2. Because it was revealed and preached after a new manner, more fully and particularly, plainly and clearly.



3. Because it had no such mixture of promises of temporal blessings as it had when first made with the laws.



4. Nor was the ceremonial law any part of it, as it was to the Jews, who were obliged to approve themselves God’s people by a strict observance of that.



5. It was in the publication extended both to Jews and Gentiles, which the former was not.



6. In regard of the efficacy of the Spirit attending the publication of it, in a much fuller and larger manner, with the distribution of its gifts and graces, enabling souls to fulfil it.



See more in the English Annotations upon this subject.