James Hastings Dictionary of the Bible: Goiim

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James Hastings Dictionary of the Bible: Goiim


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GOIIM is the Heb. word which in EV [Note: English Version.] is variously rendered ‘Gentiles,’ ‘nations,’ ‘heathen’ (see Preface to RV [Note: Revised Version.] of OT). In the obscure expression in Gen_14:1, where AV [Note: Authorized Version.] has ‘king of nations,’ RV [Note: Revised Version.] retains Goiim (possibly a corruption from Gutî [a people living to the E. of the little Zab]) as a proper name, although RVm [Note: Revised Version margin.] offers the alternative rendering ‘nations.’ The same difference in rendering between AV [Note: Authorized Version.] and RV [Note: Revised Version.] is found also in Jos_12:23. Possibly in Gen_14:1 the reference may be to the Umman-manda, or ‘hordes’ of northern peoples, who from time to time invaded Assyria (so Sayce).