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AMON.—1. Son and successor of Manasseh king of Judah. He reigned two years or parts of years. Our Biblical books know only that he carried on the religious practices of his father. He was put to death by a palace conspiracy, but the assassins were punished by the populace, who placed Josiah on the throne (2Ki_21:19 ff.). It has been suggested that his name is that of the Egyptian sun-god (see next art.). 2. A governor of Samaria (1Ki_22:26). 3. See Ami.
H. P. Smith.
AMON (Gr. Ammon, Egyp. Amûn).—An Egyptian divinity, who, primarily worshipped as the god of fertility, and later as Amen-ra-setn-nteru (‘Amon, the sun-god, the king of the gods’), was the local deity of Thebes. With the subjugation of the petty princes of lower Egypt by Aahmes I. of Thebes (c [Note: circa, about.] . b.c. 1700), he became the Egyptian national god. His supremacy, recognized for 1100 years by all Egyptian rulers with the exception of Amenophis IV. (c [Note: circa, about.] . b.c. 1450), came to an end with Esarhaddon’s invasion of Egypt (b.c. 670; cf. Jer_46:25 f.) and the destruction of Thebes by Ashurbanipal (c [Note: circa, about.] . b.c. 662; cf. Nah_3:8). After these events he was relegated to the ranks of the local gods. See No, No-Amon.
N. Koenig.