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WILLOW ( ‘ãr âbîm, Lev_23:40, Job_40:22, Psa_137:2, Isa_15:7; Isa_44:4 [cf. Arab. [Note: Arabic.] gharab ‘willow’ or ‘poplar’]; tsaph-tsâphâh, Eze_17:5 [cf. Arab [Note: Arabic.] , safsaf ‘the willow’]).—Most of the references are to a tree growing beside water, and apply well to the willow, of which two varieties, Salix fragilis and S. alba, occur plentifully by watercourses in the Holy Land. Some travellers consider the poplar, especially the willow-like Populus euphratica, of the same Nat. Ord. (Salicaceœ) as the willows, more probable. Tristram, without much evidence, considered that tsaphtsâphâh might be the oleander, which covers the banks of so many streams.
E. W. G. Masterman.