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Commentary Index | Return to PrayerRequest.com | DownloadMcClintock Biblical Encyclopedia: Caesar
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(Graecized Êáῖóáñ ; hence the Germ. title Kaiser, Russian Czar), a name assumed by or conferred upon all the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar (who is said to have been so named from his having been born by a surgical operation, ccEsus). In this way It became a sort of title, like Pharaoh, and, as such, is usually applied to the emperors in the New Testament, as the sovereign of Judaea (Joh_19:15; Act_17:7), without theirdistinctive proper names. SEE AUGUSTUS.
It was to him that the Jews paid tribute (Mat_22:17; Luk_20:22; Luk_23:2), and to him that such Jews as were cives Romani had the right of appeal (Act_25:11; Act_26:32; Act_28:19); in which cise, if their cause was a criminal one, they were sent to Rome (Act_25:12; Act_25:21; comp. Pliny, Epp. 10:97), where was the court of the emperor (Php_4:22). The Caesars mentioned in the New Testament are Augustus (Luk_2:1), Tiberius (Luk_3:1; Luk_20:22), Claudius (Act_11:28), Nero (Act_25:8); Caligula, who succeeded Tiberius, is not mentioned. See each name. On Php_4:22, SEE HOUSEHOLD.