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a Lutheran theologian of Germany, was born at Magdeburg, August 24, 1736. He studied at Halle, was in 1757 preacher at Bettendorf, in Mecklenburg, and in 1765 at Wahren. He resigned the pastorate at the latter place on account of his liberal views, which he expressed both in the pulpit and in writing, and accepted a call in 1774 to Jericho, in the duchy of Magdeburg. In 1780 he was appointed first pastor at St. Nicholas, in Quedlinburg, and in 1799 first court-preacher. He died January 6, 1822. He published, Handbuch der Religion (Berlin, 1779; 4th ed. 1791): — Communionbuch (1783, 5th ed. 1798): — Lehrbuch der Religion Jesu (Quedlinburg, 1798; 3d ed. 1822): — Hat Christus auch fur die zeitlichen Strafen der Sunde genug gethan? (1792). See Doring, Deutsche Kanzeledner; Winer, Handbuch der theol. Lit. 1:9; 2:131, 213, 282, 296, 317, 365. (B.P.)