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The desert of Judah ( îַãְáִּø éְäåּãָä ) is mentioned in the title of Psalms 63, and the desert of Judaea ( áἱ ἔñåìáé , or ἡ ἔñçìïò ôήò É᾿ïõäáßáò ), frequently referred to in the gospels, is considered to be the same locality. It was situated adjacent to the Dead Sea and the River Jordan, and was a mountainous and thinly inhabited tract of country, but abounding in pastures. In the time of Joshua it had six cities, with their villages (Jos_15:61-62), but it is now, and has long been, one of the most dreary and desolate regions of the whole country (Robinson's Researches, 2, 202, 310). The positions of this desert specially alluded to in the N.T. are,
(1.) That in which John the Baptist grew up, probably west of the Dead Sea (Luk_1:80; Luk_3:2);
(2.) That where he baptized, i.e. the uninhabited tract along the Jordan (Mat_3:1; Mar_1:4; compare 5);
(3.) That where Jesus was tempted, perhaps the high desert west of Jericho (Mat_4:1; Mar_1:12-13);
(4.) The tract between the Mount of Olives and Jericho, probably referred to in Act_21:38 (see Josephus, Ant. 20, 8, 6);
(5.) The tract adjacent to the city Ephraim, probably Tayibeh, towards the Jordan (Joh_11:54). SEE JUDAH, TRIBE OF.