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is the rendering in the A.V. of the following words in the original. SEE TOPOGRAPHICAL TERMS.
1. àָôַé÷ , aphik (Job_6:15; Psa_126:4; “brook,” Psa_42:1 [2]; “channel,” 2Sa_22:16; Psa_18:15 [16]; Isa_8:7; elsewhere “river”), properly denotes a violent torrent, sweeping through a mountain gorge, like a pipe. It occurs only in the poetical books, and is derived from a root aphak, signifying “ to be strong.” SEE CHANNEL.
2.
àֵùֵׁã
, eshed (Num_21:15), literally an outpouring, is a place where the torrents from the mountains flow down into the valleys and plains, i.e. a ravine. SEE VALLEY.
3.
éְàåֹø
, yeor (Isa_33:21; “brook,” Isa_19:6-8; Isa_23:3; Isa_23:10; “flood,” Jeremiah 46:78; Amo_8:8-9; elsewhere “river”), is an Egyptian word, generally applied to the Nile, or to the canals by which Egypt was watered. The only exceptions to this usage are found in Dan_12:5-7. SEE NILE. 4. éָáָì , yabal (Isa_30:25; “course,” Isa_44:4), denotes strictly a deluging rain; hence an overflowing river. SEE FLOOD.
5.
ðֹæֵì
, nozel (Psa_78:16; Son_4:15; “flood,” Exo_15:8 Psa_78:44; Isa_44:3; elsewhere “running” or “flowing” water), signifies a trickling rill, and is hardly a denominative at all.
6.
ðִçִì
, nachal (Psa_78:20; Isa_11:15; Isa_27:12; Isa_30:28; Isa_30:33; Isa_34:9; Isa_35:6; Isa_37:6; Isa_66:12; Amo_5:24; elsewhere “river,” “brook,” or “valley,” occasionally “flood”), is a term applied both to the dry torrent bed (Num_21:12; Jdg_16:4) and to the torrent itself (1Ki_17:3). It corresponds with the Arabic wady, the Greek
÷åéìÜῤῥïõò
, the Italian fiumara, and the Indian nullah. SEE VALLEY.7. ðִçְìָä , nachlah (only found in Psa_124:4), is merely the fem. of the preceding. SEE BROOK.
8. ôֶּìֶâ , peleg (Psa_46:4 [5]; elsewhere “river”), denotes an artificial rivulet or channel for watering land. SEE IRRIGATION.
9. Chald. ðְäִø , nehar (Dan_7:10; elsewhere “river”), corresponds to the Heb. ðָäָø , nahar, which designates a perennial current of water, and is the most regular term. SEE RIVER.
10. Ðïôáìüò (Luk_6:48-49; elsewhere usually “river,” sometimes “flood” or “water”) is the proper Greek word for a river of any kind. SEE WATER.