18. διὰ δύο. Namely, by the oath and by the word of God. The Targums for “By Myself” have “By My Word have I sworn.”
ἀδύνατον ψεύσασθαι θεόν. St Clement of Rome says “Nothing is impossible to God, except to lie” (Ep. ad Cor. 27). “God that cannot lie” (Tit 1:2. Comp. Num 23:19).
παράκλησιν, “encouragement.”
καταφυγόντες. As into one of the refuge-cities of old. Num 35:11.
ἐλπίδος. “The hope” is here (by a figure called metonymy) used for “the object of hope set before us as a prize” (comp. Heb 10:23); “the hope which is laid up for us in heaven,” Col 1:5.