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15. τὸ ἱκανὸν ποιῆσαι. Satisfacere, a Latinism found in Polybius and other late writers, but nowhere else in N.T., and perhaps nowhere in LXX. Pilate is cowed and becomes the henchman of the hierarchy.
ἀπέλυσεν αὐτοῖς τ. Βαραββᾶν, καὶ παρέδωκεν τ. Ἰησοῦν. This contrast is in all three Synoptists and was evidently part of the primitive tradition; and all four Evangelists have παρέδωκεν of this last step in the great παράδοσις. Judas delivers Him up to the guards, the guards to Annas, Annas to Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin, the Sanhedrin to Pilate, Pilate to Herod, Herod to Pilate, Pilate to the executioners. And all these details are part of God’s delivering up His Son for the redemption of mankind.
φραγελλώσας. Another Latinism (φλαγελλώσας, [3518] in Mar 10:34 and Joh 19:1 we have the usual μαστιγόω. In Mk and Mt. the scourging is closely connected with the crucifixion, and capital punishment often included both; Livy xxii. 13, xxxiii. 36; Cic. In Verr. v. 62; Joseph. B.J. II. xiv. 9, v. xi. 1. In Jn the scourging is one more attempt made by Pilate to save at least the life of Jesus; he hopes that the Jews will be satisfied with this; See on Joh 19:1.
[3518] odex Bezae. 6th cent. Has a Latin translation (d) side by side with the Greek text, and the two do not quite always agree. Presented by Beza to the University Library of Cambridge in 1581. Remarkable for its frequent divergences from other texts. Contains Mark, except Mar 16:15-20, which has been added by a later hand. Photographic facsimile, 1899.
Mk and Mt. have no dat. after παρέδωκεν, but ἵνα σταυρωθῇ implies “to the soldiers.” Jn says αὐτοῖς, viz. to the priests. Lk. says τῷ θελήματι αὐτῶν, which means to the will of the people. Pilate delivered Jesus up to both priests and people when he handed Him over to the soldiers to be crucified. In the Gospel of Peter Herod gives the sentence, and the guilt of the execution is attributed to him and the Jews. In the Acta Pilati (B. x.) the Jews execute the sentence as soon as Pilate has pronounced it.