18. ὅσα ἐὰν δήσητε κ.τ.λ. What was spoken to Peter alone is now spoken to all the disciples, representing the Church. ‘Whatsoever you as a Church declare binding or declare not binding, that decision shall be ratified in heaven.’ Note the tense, ἔσται δεδεμένα … λελυμένα, ‘shall have been bound … loosed,’ and cp. note ch. Mat 9:2.