11. ἔχουσιν ἐπ αὐτῶν βασιλέα. Whereas “the (natural) locusts have no king,” Pro 30:27. In Amo 7:1 the LXX. has the curious mistranslation or corrupt reading, καὶ ἰδοὺ βροῦχος εἶς Γὼγ ὁ βασιλεύς; which possibly arose from, or suggested, a superstition that St John uses as an image.
τὸν ἄγγελον τῆς ἀβύσσου. Either the fallen star of Rev 9:1, who opened the pit and let them out of it; or a spirit—presumably, but hardly certainly, a bad one—made the guardian of that lowest deep of God’s creation. See Excursus I.
Ἀβαδδών. St Jerome seems to have kept alive in Latin a reading Labaddon, which was supposed to represent the Hebrew more accurately. The word is properly an abstract noun “destruction,” but used apparently in the sense of “Hell” in Job 26:6, &c. Here it probably stands for Destroyer, like the Greek participle given as an equivalent.