John Lancaster Spalding, Roman Catholic bishop and author, was born in Lebanon, Kentucky, in 1840. He was educated at Mount St. Mary’s College, and at the University of Louvain, Belgium. Ordained a priest in 1863, he was six years later chosen as secretary and chancellor of the diocese of Louisville. In 1877 he was appointed to similar offices in the diocese of Peoria. He is a typical modern bishop, of the Cardinal Manning type, and the activity which he displayed in recent social and educational movements was recognized by his appointment to serve on the President’s commission to investigate strikes, in 1902. The trend of his literary work may be seen in his volumes on “Education and the Higher Life†(1890); “Socialism and Labor†(1902); “Religion, Agnosticism and Education†(1902).