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kil´mad (כּלמד, kilmadh; ΧαÏμαÌν, CharmaÌn): A city or district mentioned after Sheba and Asshur as supplying merchandise to Tyre (). By changing “m†into “w†(common in Assyrian-Babylonian) this has been compared with KalwaÌ„dha near Bagdad (G. Smith, Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, I, 61; Delitzsch, Paradies, 206), but the identification seems improbable. Though regarded as the name of a country in the Septuagint and the Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 ad) (Charman; Chelmad), there is some doubt whether this view of the word is correct. The Targum substitutes Madhai, “Media,†and on this account Mez (Stadt Harran, 24) amends to KoÌ„l Madhai, “all Media.†The absence of the copula “and†has caused others to further modify the vocalization, and by reading kelimmuÌ„dh instead of Chilmad, the sense “Asshur was as the apprentice of thy trading†(KÌ£imhÌ£i, Hitzig, Cornill) is obtained, but is not satisfactory. Probably both text and translation are susceptible of improvement.