International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: Confound

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International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: Confound


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kon-found´: The physical origin of spiritual terms is well illustrated by the principal Hebrew words for “confounded” (rendered also “ashamed,” etc.); בּושׁ, bōsh, is “to become pale” (; ; ; the King James Version; , etc.); חפר, ḥāphēr, “to become red” (; ; , “the moon shall be confounded,” ); יבשׁ, yābhash, “to be dried up” ( the King James Version; , the King James Version; the King James Version; ); כּלם, kalam, “to blush” ( the King James Version; , etc.). In , , of the confusion of tongues, the word is בּלל, balal, “to mix,” “mingle.” In the King James Version it is חתת, ḥāthath, “to bring or put down.”

In New Testament, kataischúnō, “to put to shame” ( the King James Version; the King James Version); and sugchúnō, “to pour together,” “bewilder” (; ). the Revised Version (British and American) frequently gives “ashamed” and “put to shame” instead of “confounded.”