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dē̇-liv´ẽr (× ×¦×œ, naÌ„cal, × ×ª×Ÿ, naÌ„than; Ï̔υÌομαι, rhuÌomai, παÏαδιÌδωμι, paradıÌdoÌ„mi): Occurs very frequently in the Old Testament and represents various Hebrew terms. The English word is used in two senses, (1) “to set free,†etc., (2) “to give up or over.â€
(1) The word most often translated “deliver†in the first sense is naÌ„cal, meaning originally, perhaps, “to draw out.†It is used of all kinds of deliverance (; ; , etc.; ; , etc.; , etc.). The Aramaic necal occurs in ; ; , ; yaÌ„sha‛, “to save,†in , the King James Version, etc.; maÌ„latÌ£, “to let or cause to escape,†in , “recover,†etc. In the New Testament rhuomai, “to rescue,†is most frequently translated “deliver†in this sense ( the King James Version, “Deliver us from evilâ€); katargeÌoÌ„, “to make useless†or “without effect†( the Revised Version (British and American), “dischargedâ€). In the New Testament “save†takes largely the place of “deliver†in the Old Testament, and the idea is raised to the spiritual and eternal.
(2) For “deliver†in the sense of “give over, up,†etc., the most frequent word is naÌ„than, the common word for “to give†(; the King James Version; ). Other words are maÌ„ghan (, the King James Version and the English Revised Version “How shall I deliver thee Israel?†i.e. “How shall I give thee up?†as in the first clause of the verse, with a different word (naÌ„than), the American Standard Revised Version “How shall I cast thee off?â€), yehabh, Aramaic (). In the New Testament paradidoÌ„mi, “to give over to,†is most frequent (; , “All things have been delivered (given or made over) unto me of my Fatherâ€; ; ; , etc.); charıÌzomai, “to grant as a favor†(, the King James Version).
(3) YaÌ„ladh, “to bring forth,†is also rendered “deliver†in the sense of childbirth (; , etc.). In the New Testament this sense is borne by τιÌκτω, tıÌktoÌ„ (; ; , ), and γενναÌω, gennaÌoÌ„ ().
In the Revised Version (British and American) there are many changes, such as, for “deliver,†“restore†(; ; ; ); for “delivered,†“defended†(); for “cannot deliver thee,†“neither ... turn thee aside†(); for “betray,†“betrayed†we have “deliver,†“delivered up,†etc. ( margin; ; f; ); for “delivered into chains,†“committed to pits†(, margin “some ancient authorities read chainsâ€; compare The Wisdom of Solomon 17:17); “Deliver us from evil,†omitted in , margin “Many ancient authorities add but deliver us from the evil one (or, from evil).â€