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pā´shens (ὑπομονηÌ, hupomoneÌ„Ì, μακÏοθυμιÌα, makrothumıÌa): “Patience†implies suffering, enduring or waiting, as a determination of the will and not simply under necessity. As such it is an essential Christian virtue to the exercise of which there are many exhortations. We need to “wait patiently†for God, to endure uncomplainingly the various forms of sufferings, wrongs and evils that we meet with, and to bear patiently injustices which we cannot remedy and provocations we cannot remove.
The word “patience†does not occur in the Old Testament, but we have “patiently†in as the translation of kÌ£aÌ„waÌ„h, “to wait,†“to expect,†which word frequently expresses the idea, especially that of waiting on God; in , “patiently†(“wait patientlyâ€) is the translation of hÌ£ul, one of the meanings of which is “to wait†or “to hope for†or “to expect†(of ); “patient†occurs () as the translation of 'erekh ruÌ„ahÌ£, “long of spirit,†and () “that I should be patient†(ha'ărı̄kh nephesh). Compare “impatient†().
“Patience†occurs frequently in the Apocrypha, especially in Ecclesiasticus, e.g. 2:14; 16:13; 17:24; 41:2 (hupomoneÌ„); 5:11 (makrothumia); 29:8 (makrothumeÌoÌ„, the Revised Version (British and American) “long sufferingâ€); in The Wisdom of Solomon 2:19, the Greek word is anexikakıÌa.
In the New Testament hupomoneÌ„ carries in it the ideas of endurance, continuance (; ; , , the American Standard Revised Version “stedfastnessâ€; , etc.).
In all places the American Revised Version margin has “stedfastness,†except , where it has “enduranceâ€; makrothumia is translated “patience†(; ); makrothumeoÌ„, “to bear long†(, ; ; See LONGSUFFERING); the same verb is translated “be patient†(, the Revised Version (British and American) “longsufferingâ€; , , the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) “patientâ€); makrothuÌmoÌ„s, “patiently†(); hupomeÌnoÌ„ (); anexıÌkakos is translated “patient†(, the Revised Version (British and American), the King James Version margin, “forbearingâ€); epieikeÌ„Ìs, “gentle†(, the Revised Version (British and American) “gentleâ€); hupomenoÌ„ (, “patient in tribulationâ€). For “the patient waiting for Christ†(), the Revised Version (British and American) has “the patience of Christ.â€
Patience is often hard to gain and to maintain, but, in , God is called “the God of patience†(the American Revised Version margin “stedfastnessâ€) as being able to grant that grace to those who look to Him and depend on Him for it. It is in reliance on God and acceptance of His will, with trust in His goodness, wisdom and faithfulness, that we are enabled to endure and to hope stedfastly. See also GOD.