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rev´ẽr-ens: In the Old Testament, “reverence†occurs as the translation of two Hebrew words, yaÌ„reÌ„' and shaÌ„hÌ£aÌ„h. The root idea of the former is “fear.†It is used to express the attitude toward God Himself, as in the King James Version; or toward His sanctuary, as in ; . So the group of ideas there would be “fear,†“awe,†“reverence.†The root idea of the second is “falling down,†as prostration of the body. It is used to express the bearing toward another who is considered superior, as in the King James Version; the King James Version; , . The group of ideas here, therefore, is “honor,†“obeisance,†“reverence.â€
In the New Testament “reverence†occurs as the translation of three Greek words, aıÌdoÌ„s, phobeÌomai, and entreÌpomai. In the first, the idea is “modesty†(; compare ). In the second, “fear†( the King James Version), though here it is used to set forth the attitude of proper subjection on the part of a wife toward her husband (compare , ). In the third, the idea is that of the “self-valuation of inferiority,†and so sets forth an attitude toward another of doing him honor (; ; ; ).
In the Apocrypha entrepomai occurs in The Wisdom of Solomon 2:10; Sirach 4:22. In addition, proskuneÌoÌ„, “make obeisance,†occurs in Judith 10:23; 14:7; thaumaÌzoÌ„, “wonder,†Sirach 7:29, and aischuÌnomai, “be ashamed,†Baruch 4:15.
Reverend occurs in the Old Testament in , of the name of God (yaÌ„reÌ„'), and in the Apocrypha in 2 Macc 15:12, “a man reverend (aideÌ„ÌmoÌ„n, “modestâ€) in bearing,†and in the New Testament the Revised Version (British and American) has “reverent in demeanor†(hieroprepeÌ„Ìs) in and “reverend†in margin (semnoÌs).