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rich´ez, rich´iz: Used to render the following Hebrew and Greek words: (1) ‛OÌ„sher, which should, perhaps, be considered the most general word, as it is the most often used (; ; ). It looks at riches simply as riches, without regard to any particular feature. Alongside this would go the Greek πλοῦτος, plouÌtos (; ). (2) HÌ£oÌ„sÌ£en (; ), nekhaÌ„ṣı̄m and rekhuÌ„sh (; , the King James Version) look at riches as things accumulated, collected, amassed. (3) HoÌ„n looks upon riches as earnings, the fruit of toil (; ; ). (4) HaÌ„moÌ„n regards riches in the aspect of being much, this coming from the original idea of noise, through the idea of a multitude as making the noise, the idea of many, or much, being in multitude ( the King James Version). (5) HÌ£ayil regards riches as power (-12 :19; ; ). (6) YithraÌ„h means “running over,†and so presents riches as abundance ( the King James Version). Along with this may be placed shuÌ„a‛, which has the idea of breadth, and so of abundance ( the King James Version). (7) KÌ£inyaÌ„n regards riches as a creation, something made (; compare margin); (8) (χÏῆμα, chreÌ„Ìma) looks at riches as useful ( f parallel). Like the New Testament, the Apoe uses only ploutos and chreÌ„ma.
Material riches are regarded by the Scriptures as neither good nor bad in themselves, but only according as they are properly or improperly used. They are transitory (); they are not to be trusted in (; ; ); they are not to be gloried in (); the heart is not to be set on them (); but they are made by God (), and come from God (); and they are the crown of the wise (). Material riches are used to body forth for us the most precious and glorious realities of the spiritual realm. See, e.g., ; ; ; ; . Compare MAMMON; TREASURE; WEALTH.