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sub´stans (רכוּש×, rekhuÌ„sh; ὑποÌστασις, hupoÌstasis): Lit. that which stands under, is in the Bible used chiefly of material goods and possessions. In the Old Testament it is the translation of numerous Hebrew words, of which rekhuÌ„sh, “that which is gathered together,†is one of the earliest and most significant (; ; ; ; , etc.). In the New Testament “substance†appears in a few passages as the translation of ousıÌa, “being,†“subsistence†(), huÌparxis, “goods,†“property†(), hupaÌrchonta, “things at hand†(). Special interest attaches to , the King James Version “Now faith is the substance of things hoped for,†etc., where the word is used in its proper etymological sense as the translation of hupostasis, “that which stands under.†the Revised Version (British and American) changes to “assurance,†margin “the giving substance to,†which last seems best to bring out the idea of faith as that which makes the things hoped for real to the soul. The same Greek word hupostasis is rendered “substance†in the Revised Version (British and American), instead of the King James Version “person,†with reference to Christ, “the very image (margin “impressâ€) of his substance,†i.e. of God's invisible essence or being, the manifestation of God Himself.