International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: Subtil; Subtle; Subtlety; Subtilty

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International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: Subtil; Subtle; Subtlety; Subtilty


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sub´til, sut´'l, sut´'l-ti (חכם, ḥākhām, נכל, nākhal, מרמה, mirmāh; δόλος, dólos): These words are used (1) in a good sense: , ḥākhām, “wise,” “Jonadab was a very subtle (the American Standard Revised Version “subtle”) man” (discreet); , ‛ormāh, “prudence,” “to give subtlety to the simple,” the American Standard Revised Version and the English Revised Version margin “prudence”; The Wisdom of Solomon 7:22, leptṓs, “thin,” said of the spirit in Wisdom (very fine or refined); 8:8, strophḗ, “winding,” “subtilties of speeches”; Ecclesiasticus 39:2, “subtil parables,” the Revised Version (British and American) “the subtleties of parables”; (2) in a bad sense: , ‛ārūm, “crafty,” “Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of the field,” the American Standard Revised Version “subtle.”

, mirmāh, “deceit,” “fraud,” “Thy brother came with subtlety,” the Revised Version (British and American) “with guile”; , nākhal, “to deceive,” the King James Version “deal subtlely,” the American Standard Revised Version “subtly”; , nācar, “to watch,” “guard,” “to be hidden or subtle of heart,” the Revised Version (British and American) “wily,” margin “ 'close,' Hebrew 'guarded'“; , ‛oḳebhāh, “deceit” or “treachery” (here only); Judith 5:11, katasophı́zō, “to use subtlety”; Ecclesiasticus 19:25, panourgı́a, “cunning,” “unscrupulousness,” “There is an exquisite subtlety, and the same is unjust”; , “The serpent beguiled Eve through his subtlety,” the Revised Version (British and American) “in his craftiness”; , dolos, “deceit,” “that they might take Jesus by subtlety, and kill him”; , “O full of all subtlety and all mischief,” the Revised Version (British and American) “all guile and all villany.”

English Revised Version has “subtilty” for “wisdom” (, ), margin and the American Standard Revised Version, “prudence”; for “with subtlety” (the English Revised Version , the King James Version “by craft”) the American Standard Revised Version has “with subtlety.”